All posts by Financial Independence Hub

A Failure to understand Rebalancing

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By Michael J. Wiener

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

Recently, the Stingy Investor pointed to an article whose title caught my eye: The Academic Failure to Understand Rebalancing, written by mathematician and economist Michael Edesess.  He claims that academics get portfolio rebalancing all wrong, and that there’s more money to be made by not rebalancing.  Fortunately, his arguments are clear enough that it’s easy to see where his reasoning goes wrong.

 

Edesess’ argument

Edesess makes his case against portfolio rebalancing based on a simple hypothetical investment: either your money doubles or gets cut in half based on a coin flip.  If you let a dollar ride through 20 iterations of this investment, it could get cut in half as many as 20 times, or it could double as many as 20 times.  If you get exactly 10 heads and 10 tails, the doublings and halvings cancel and you’ll be left with just your original dollar.

The optimum way to use this investment based on the mathematics behind rebalancing and the Kelly criterion is to wager 50 cents and hold back the other 50 cents.  So, after a single coin flip, you’ll either gain 50 cents or lose 25 cents.  After 20 flips of wagering half your money each time, if you get 10 heads and 10 tails, you’ll be left with $3.25.  This is a big improvement over just getting back your original dollar when you bet the whole amount on each flip in this 10 heads and 10 tails scenario.  This is the advantage rebalancing gives you.

However, Edesess digs further.  If you wager everything each flip and get 11 good flips and 9 bad flips, you’ll have $4, and with the reverse outcome you’ll have 25 cents.  Either you gain $3 or lose only 75 cents.  At 12 good flips vs. 12 bad flips, the difference grows further to gaining $15 or losing 94 cents.  We see that the upside is substantially larger than the downside.

Let’s refer to one set of 20 flips starting with one dollar as a “game.”  We could think of playing this game multiple times, each time starting by wagering a single dollar.  Edesess calculates that “if you were to play the game 1,001 times, you would end up with $87,000 with the 100% buy-and-hold strategy,”  “but only $11,000 with the rebalancing strategy.”

The problem with this reasoning

Edesess’ calculations are correct.  If you play this game thousands of times, you’re virtually certain to come out far ahead by letting your money ride instead of risking only half on each flip.  However, this is only true if you start each game with a fresh dollar. Continue Reading…

How cent-sible mothers can give their children financial independence

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Image by Unsplash

By Anna Smith

Special to Financial Independence Hub

As a mother, I know the importance of raising my daughter to be independent and confident. One of the most significant ways I can do this is by instilling in her the value of financial literacy. By teaching her to be financially independent, I am setting her up for a future where she can make sound decisions with money and have the freedom to achieve her dreams. I feel every mother should share this responsibility and nurture the financial skills of their children, especially when we consider the uncertainties of the current global economic climate.

Growing up and learning to manage money through lived experiences, I discovered that some of those life lessons can be painful. My immigrant parents were so focused on working hard to provide the basics for the family, financial literacy lessons weren’t really a priority for my sister and me. All we were taught was to save and keep on saving. In fact, my sister and I would sometimes skip lunch at school just to save the allowance our parents gave us. I learned the hard way that while saving is part of being financially literate, it can’t just stop there; a significant next step is to find safe, reliable methods to growing your wealth.

Not knowing better, when I was 18, one of the earliest financial mistakes I made was getting multiple credit cards, which eventually resulted in a lot of debt (because which teenage girl doesn’t like shopping?). I had to work hard to pay it off and it was a tough lesson to learn, but it was valuable because it made me realize the importance of being smart about money from a young age.

After that, I started seeking support to become more financially literate from any source I could get my hands on. The internet was my best friend and I got into the habit of listening to podcasts about investing and best financial practices. When I started working, I was lucky enough to find a trusted mentor who taught me that putting 75 per cent of my paycheque toward smart investments was smarter than spending the money on any big-ticket item immediately.

As I became better with money, I went from only knowing how to save money to growing my wealth through investing in stocks (ETFs) and real estate and having a diverse portfolio. When it comes to investments, I now know it’s important to maintain both passive and aggressive investments. Having said that, choosing between good investments and bad ones can be daunting and that’s where financial advisors come in. Engaging a trusted advisor who is experienced in investing in different asset classes can make all the difference in the world because they often have access to wealth management tools and data that make investment proposals more reliable and easier to understand.

Teaching children about saving and investing — and the mindset behind both

Although I eventually found my financial footing, others are not so lucky and many have never been able to recover once they get into debt, which can be crippling. Now that I have a family of my own, one of my top priorities is to make sure my daughter has a strong foundation in financial literacy, with all the tools she needs to make better decisions when managing money.

One of the things that we’ve started working on together is to get her to save regularly, like I did as a child. But more than teaching my daughter good saving habits, I believe what’s important is to show her the difference between the money-going-out and money-going-in concept. Very often, children are no strangers to the former because they see us making purchases daily and this makes it easy for them to learn spending (or worse, impulse spending). The latter, however, is more difficult to emulate because they rarely witness the act of saving. This is especially true now that we live in a world where most financial transactions are digital. Though this speaks to the convenience of innovation, how do we curb impulse spending in our children beyond merely saying “no” (and parents, I’m sure you’ll agree that saying “no” doesn’t always elicit the best response from children)? Continue Reading…

Parenthood is unpredictable, but financial planning can eliminate some of the guesswork

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Image: Pixabay

By Christine Van Cauwenberghe

Special to Financial Independence Hub

May marks the arrival of Mother’s Day, a time to recognize the influence and sacrifice that comes in tandem with motherhood. While the old adage of “parenting isn’t easy” rings true, the financial planning component doesn’t have to be hard. Childhood is a series of stages woven together: each brings a new opportunity for parents to maximize key fiscal benefits and underpin good financial habits for the next generation.

Pre-Baby

Before your baby is born, there are pre-emptive financial strategies that you can implement to get your affairs in order. Firstly, you want to arm yourself with knowledge. Get informed about the benefits provided by the government and your employer to determine what your expected income will be while on parental leave. Take time to research childcare costs and calculate whether you have adequate life and critical insurance.

Most importantly, make sure you have a will in place that designates a guardian to care for your minor child, a trustee to manage the money for your child and an executor who will run the administration of your estate. Finally, review your financial plan with your advisor to account for the addition of a new family member.

Infants and Toddlers (0-5 years)

There are a series of government benefits available for parents with young children. In most provinces, you can automatically apply for a Social Insurance Number and the Canada Child Benefit (CCB) when you register your child’s birth. The CCB is a tax-free monthly payment made to eligible families to help with the cost of raising children under 18 years of age.

You should also consider opening a Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP) to help save for your child’s education. To this same point, you may be eligible for a Canada Education Savings Grant, which provides a 20 per cent grant to be paid on yearly contributions up to an annual limit of $500 and a lifetime limit of $7,200. Your family may qualify to receive the Canada Learning Bond based on your family income and other benefits under a provincial education savings program. You may also be able to claim childcare expenses if you (or your spouse or partner) paid someone to look after an eligible child so that one or both of you could work or attend school. Talk to your financial advisor about the options available to you.

Middle Childhood (6-11 years)

While they may not have a wealth of knowledge yet, children at this age can understand basic money concepts and can start developing good habits. Consider opening a savings account for your child and encourage them to make deposits from allowance, holiday or birthday present money.

Teenagers and Adolescents (12-19 years)

At this stage, the Mirror-Window Effect is at its peak. Mirrors offer reflections, while windows open up new views. By practicing wise money management, you can be the mirror your child needs to develop early but strong financial habits. Continue Reading…

How to use YouTube for Financial Independence

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Image by NordWood Themes on Unsplash

By Andre Oentoro

Special to Financial Independence Hub

With more than 2.5 billion users worldwide, YouTube has become a platform where everyone creates and shares content and earns big bucks from it. 

As a financially independent person you can leverage the platform not only to share the knowledge you have but also to keep a steady stream of passive income. Well-crafted YouTube videos can be high-performing assets: they make your money work for you rather than the other way around.

However, using YouTube is so much more than creating a channel, grabbing your camera, and uploading videos to the platform. If you want to go the extra mile, it takes extra effort. We’ll break down some handy ways how you can get the most out of your YouTube channel. 

Focus on niche topics

Creating a niche channel can be an effective way to attract a dedicated and engaged audience. 

While it may seem counterintuitive to limit the scope of your content, focusing on a specific area of personal finance can help you establish yourself as an authority in that area. It can also help you stand out from other personal finance channels and make it easier for viewers to find your content.

For example, you could create a channel focused on investing in dividend stocks or building a real estate portfolio. Whether it’s animated explainer videos or talking-head style video, content that is tailored to a specific audience provides more in-depth analysis and insight that resonates with your viewers.

Share your failures

While it’s natural to want to showcase your successes, sharing your failures can be just as valuable to your audience. Personal finance can be a challenging topic, and sharing your mistakes and what you learned from them can help your viewers avoid making the same mistakes.

Sharing your failures can also help you build trust with your audience. Being honest and transparent about your experiences shows that you are a relatable and authentic creator. This can help you establish a loyal following and create a sense of community around your channel.

Collaborate with other creators

Collaborating with other creators in the personal finance space can be a great way to reach a wider audience and provide a fresh perspective for your viewers. 

By partnering with creators who have complementary areas of expertise or a similar target audience, you can create content that is more engaging and informative.

For example, you could collaborate with a creator who focuses on budgeting or debt reduction, while you focus on investing or building passive income streams. This can help you create a more well-rounded channel that appeals to a wider audience.

Use storytelling

While personal finance can be a dry topic, using storytelling can make your content more engaging and memorable. By sharing personal anecdotes or using case studies to illustrate your points, you can connect with your audience on an emotional level. Continue Reading…

Harvest launches HRIF – a multi-sector income ETF with no leverage

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Image courtesy Harvest ETFs/Shutterstock

By Michael Kovacs, President & CEO of Harvest ETFs

(Sponsor Blog) 

The Harvest Diversified Monthly Income ETF (HDIF:TSX) was built to meet Canadian investors’ need for income and sector diversity. We built it with a straightforward thesis, by holding an equal weight portfolio of established Harvest Equity Income ETFs, we could deliver growth potential and high monthly income. That made it one of the most popular Canadian ETFs launched in 2022.

Each of the ETFs held in HDIF captures a portfolio of leading large-cap businesses. They also each employ an active and flexible covered call option strategy to generate high income yields, offset downside, and monetize volatility. HDIF combined those ETFs with modest leverage at approximately 25% to deliver an enhanced income yield.

In April of this year, we launched the Harvest Diversified Equity Income ETF (HRIF:TSX). It holds the same equal-weight portfolio of Harvest ETFs, but without the use of leverage. Put simply, leverage adds a level of risk that some investors are not comfortable with. Therefore HRIF can deliver that same diversified portfolio of underlying ETFs and a high income yield in a package that more risk-averse investors may want to consider.

A truly diversified portfolio

At Harvest ETFs, we always start with portfolios of what we see as high-quality businesses. The ETFs held in HRIF capture companies that lead their sectors. By combining those portfolios into a single ETF, HRIF delivers a very diverse exposure to these companies.

The equal-weight portfolio held by HRIF at launch holds the following six ETFs.

Each ETF holds a portfolio of leading companies in their particular sector and market area. We define that leadership through quantitative and qualitative metrics such as market cap, market share, performance history and — in the case of certain underlying ETFs — dividend payment history. The companies selected in each ETF’s portfolio demonstrate leadership across those metrics.

HRIF also delivers a diverse set of performance drivers. Tech has been a market growth leader for over a decade and remains a key allocation for investors. Healthcare shows significant defensive qualities, especially during inflationary and recessionary times. The brand leaders in HBF and Canadian leaders in HLIF are selected in large part due to their resilience across market cycles, market shares, and dividend payment history. US banks have faced headwinds lately but have long-term positive exposure to interest rate increases and remain structurally important to the global economy. Utilities are an almost textbook definition of defensiveness, providing stability and ballast for the ETF.

Taken together, HRIF delivers leadership from a wide set of companies which, combined with its high income yield, makes it an attractive ETF for many investors.

HRIF’s High Income Yield Explained

HRIF launched with an initial target yield of 8.0% annually, paid as monthly cash distributions. That yield is earned by combining the underlying yields of its component ETFs, each of which employ an active & flexible covered call option strategy.

Covered call option ETFs effectively trade some upside potential for earned income premiums by ‘writing’ calls on a percentage of the ETF’s holdings. Where many covered call option ETFs use a passive strategy, writing calls on the same percentage of holdings each month, the Harvest ETFs held in HRIF use an active strategy. Continue Reading…