Hub Blogs

Hub Blogs contains fresh contributions written by Financial Independence Hub staff or contributors that have not appeared elsewhere first, or have been modified or customized for the Hub by the original blogger. In contrast, Top Blogs shows links to the best external financial blogs around the world.

Retired Money: How TFSAs can give seniors more tax-free retirement funds

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If you’re a senior, the holy grail in retirement is to have as much tax-free retirement funds as possible.

My latest MoneySense Retired Money column looks at this goal: Click on the highlighted text to access the full piece:  How Seniors can use TFSAs to have more in retirement.

This site has always been a strong proponent of Tax-free Savings Accounts (TFSAs) for young people. Starting at age 18, TFSAs are great vehicles for accumulating short-term savings for goals like saving a down payment for a home, buying a new car, or even going on to post-graduate studies or starting a business. And unlike RRSPs, the $5500 annual contribution room for TFSAs does not require having earned income the previous year. So as of next week, with the arrival of 2018, it’s highly advisable to add another $5,500 to your TFSAs. But not just if you’re young!

The MoneySense column makes the point that TFSAs are equally desirable for seniors in retirement, or for those in semi-retirement who are preparing for full retirement.

Why? First, unlike the RRIFs that many RRSPs become, and which generate taxable income, TFSAs generate no taxable income: neither on the withdrawals nor the investment income (whether dividends, capital gains or interest). In addition, TFSAs do not trigger clawbacks of means-tested government retirement income programs like Old Age Security or the Guaranteed Income Supplement.

But there’s another big benefit TFSAs confer on seniors and retirees: ongoing tax-sheltering of investment income well beyond age 71. In contrast, you can no longer contribute to RRSPs after the year you turn 71 and cannot contribute new money to RRIFs: they’re strictly vehicles that shelter what you’ve got until the next forced annual withdrawal limit, which escalates over time from 5.28% at 71 to 20% a year once you reach 95.

Unlike RRSPs and RRIFs, seniors can continue to add to their TFSAs each and every year even after age 71. Even if you live past 100, as my friend Meta has (and who, as the column relates, continues to use the TFSA herself!)

Two ways seniors can get money for TFSAs without having to find “new” money

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Your (last) greatest show on earth

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By Heather Compton

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

What do you envision when it comes to your final wishes? Would there be a formal service? If so, who would officiate? Do you wish to be cremated or buried or donate your remains to science?

I get it, end of life conversations are difficult and even if you are prepared to have the discussion, dollars-to-donuts your kids or responsible family members don’t want to go there.

Regretfully I’ve been involved with funeral planning for a number of relatives, and even some clients, and these are the decisions families find most difficult. When the time comes —  and it will —  the question inevitably asked is some variation of “What do you think mom would have wanted?”

If those closest to you know your personal wishes they don’t have to make it up in the funeral director’s showroom while debating between the grand showcase coffin and the budget version you might have preferred!

Bless Mom — she was very clear — cremation by the most frugal means possible, and a nice lunch for our friends.  My Scottish depression-era mother liked the memorial society option because they negotiate funeral cost discounts.

The Memorial Society Association of Canada’s website identifies contacts across the country. A modest membership fee gets you an information package to help document decisions plus they pre-negotiate cost-conscious plans with funeral homes. You can file your wishes with the funeral home or with a memorial society but keep a copy with your other important documents.

Fire Drill Conversations

Because these are difficult conversations, I suggest you treat them like a fire drill: keep it short, discuss what’s needed, make sure everyone understands, document and call it done.  Have another fire drill if your thoughts or wishes change.

Here goes:

► Style of service Continue Reading…

What to do and not to do when with your IRA

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By Sia Hasan

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

If you have decided to invest in a self directed IRA (Individual Retirement Account: the American equivalent of Canada’s RRSP), you have taken the first step to enjoying a better financial future and to preparing for peace of mind in retirement. However, simply opening an IRA account is not all that it takes to benefit from this type of retirement account. If you want to maximize the benefits of your IRA fully, follow these helpful tips:

Choose the right type of Retirement Account

There are several types of IRA accounts that you can open, and two of the most common options are a traditional and Roth IRA. There are significant differences between these accounts. By learning more about these differences, you may be able to find the account type that is best for your financial planning efforts.

Both have similar contribution limits, but a Roth IRA uses money that has already been taxed as contributions. When you withdraw the money after you reach age 59 and a half, you can enjoy tax-free distributions. A traditional IRA, on the other hand, uses pre-tax dollars as contributions, and the money is taxed at a later date when you withdraw the funds. Depending on your current tax rate and your projected tax bracket in retirement, you may find one of these options to be far more useful than the other.. For example, if you expect to be in a lower tax bracket in retirement, a traditional IRA may be a better option for you because it minimizes your tax liability.

Maximize your contributions

If you want your account balance to grow at the fastest rate possible, you should make regular contributions into it each year. More than that, you should maximize your contributions annually to fully take advantage of the tax benefits associated with the account. Any additional investment funds that are available can be invested in another tax advantageous account or in a non-investment stock account.

Be aggressive in your younger years

With a self-directed IRA, you are in complete control over how your funds are invested. This means you can choose to take less risk or more risk. While taking more risk may sound unwise, the reality is that riskier investments generally have a higher return. In your younger years when you have decades before retirement, you can more comfortably take these risks with your investments. When risks are intelligent and moderated, you can grow your nest egg substantially in the younger years of your adult life. Then you can comfortably reduce your risk and return later in life without negatively impacting your financial security in retirement. Continue Reading…

End the year with your taxes in order

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By Lisa Gittens, H&R Block

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

At this time of year, you’re likely occupied with decorating for the holidays, cooking an abundance of food for family, and selecting gifts for your Secret Santa exchange. Amidst the placing of ornaments, stringing of lights and baking of cookies, taxes are probably the last thing on your mind: they’re something you’ll think about next year, when you’re reminded it’s officially tax season.

But, believe it or not, the end of a calendar year is the perfect time to review the current state of your filing and get your taxes in order before flipping the page to 2018. To help you do just that, H&R Block offers these tips:

Agendas make great friends

Treat yourself to the gift that keeps on giving: an agenda. With this new friend in tow, you can take advantage of sporadic free time and update it with all relevant tax-related dates so they don’t sneak up on you in 2018. Examples of entries you’d want to include are: February 26, 2018, which marks the day the Canadian Revenue Agency officially opens.

(As a side note, this is actually the latest opening in Canadian history and means Canadians will have a shorter window to file taxes.) April 30, 2018 is another date to keep in mind: it’s the deadline for filing 2017 personal tax returns. (If you’re self-employed, the deadline is June 15, 2018.)

Organization is in style

Hopefully you’ve been saving bills, tuition receipts, transit passes, charitable contribution receipts, health expenses, and other key tax documents this year. When it comes to your tax return, it literally pays (in the form of a tax return!) to retain and organize these documents. Like agendas, accordion-style folders with tabs to separate by category are great gifts to yourself. Just ensure you keep it in reach — and out of harm’s way — so you’ll be more motivated to use it throughout the year. Continue Reading…

What if I sold in May and went away?

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At the end of April we wrote a piece looking at some new research on the calendar effect and popular heuristic known as Sell in May and go away.

While there is some evidence that this particular anomaly does exist and has persisted over certain periods of time, there is not really a good theoretical foundation for why it happens.  Mining historical data often yields patterns but assuming that those patterns will repeat can lead to unfortunate investor strategies and behaviours.

It’s in our nature to love short-cuts

Investors just love short-cuts. In fact not just investors love them but people in general always use heuristics to help increase the efficiency of their decision-making.  If you step outside, feel a sudden cool breeze and look up and see a dark cloud in the vicinity you respond fairly quickly and sensibly by seeking shelter or at least grabbing an umbrella as you head out the door.  This ability to create short-cuts makes our lives so much easier and sometimes even keeps us safe.   We recognize patterns that we’ve seen before, assume they’re going to happen again and act almost automatically in response: it simply makes decision-making faster and less difficult. No need to analyze things in detail, just act.

The challenge is that the same heuristics that make decision-making easier and faster or keep us safe in many aspects of our lives can also produce behavioural biases that don’t help us as investors.  We love things like the “January effect” or “Sell in May and go away” because they’re easy and have sometimes worked in the past.  But putting them into practice doesn’t always work out the way we might imagine.

But short-cuts don’t always work with investing

This year is a good case study.  What if we had sold in May and stayed out of the market through until now?  To cut to the chase, you wouldn’t be happy!  A Canadian investor would have missed out on the following returns from May 1 until now (all in Canadian dollar terms – return data from S&P Indices Canada and exchange rates from Bank of Canada as at December 7, 2017):

S&P/TSX Composite Total Return Index: +4.6%

S&P 500 Net Total Return Index (in CAD): +4.7%

S&P Global ex-US Broad Market Net Total Return Index (in CAD): +4.8%

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