My latest MoneySense Retired Money looks in more detail at the National Institute of Ageing’s recent series of papers on CPP (and OAS). As the Hub reported on April 11th, few Canadians are aware that delaying CPP benefits to age 70 can more than double (2.2 times actually) eventual monthly benefits compared to taking it early at age 60. That blog reproduced a chart from the NIA that showed just how much money Canadians are leaving on the table by NOT deferring benefits as long as possible.

The other major chart from the NIA paper is reproduced above, showing just how important most retirees view the guaranteed inflation-indexed income that CPP and OAS provide. As the new column points out, for many retirees — especially those who worked most of their careers in the private sector and don’t enjoy a Defined Benefit employer pension — CPP and OAS are the closest thing they’ll have to a guaranteed-for-life inflation-indexed annuity.

The new MoneySense column focuses on how delayed CPP benefits not only generate higher absolute amounts of income  but also carry with it the important related benefits of more longevity insurance and inflation protection.

You can find the full column by clicking on this highlighted headline: How to double your CPP income.

It features input from several well-known retirement experts, including noted finance professor and author Dr. Moshe Milvevsky, retired Mercer actuary Malcolm Hamilton, author and semi-retired actuary Fred Vettese, TriDelta Senior Financial Planner Matthew Ardrey and the lead author of the NIA report, Bonnie Jean MacDonald.

Delaying CPP is “the best annuity-buying strategy you can implement.”

Milevsky sums it up well, when he says “delaying CPP is the best ‘annuity-buying strategy’ you can implement. Everything else is just Plan B.” Audrey makes a similar point: CPP is “an annuity and an indexed annuity at that … This helps protect the purchasing power of this income stream through retirement. Many people wish they had an indexed DB [defined benefit] pension and in fact we all do. It is the CPP.”

You’ll probably see much more press on this topic as the NIA is releasing a paper each month between May and December. May 8^th will be general education on the Canadian retirement income system while July 17^th will explain the mechanics of delaying CPP (and QPP) benefits.

Boating is an adventure at any age, but it often becomes a lifestyle for retirees. If you’ve ever considered trying to save up for a boat one day this could be a good read. With a couple of these financial tips, you’ll be well on your way to living your boating dream!

By Dan Coconate

Special to Financial Independence Hub

 Retirement is a time for relaxation, adventure, and a well-deserved break from the toils of work. For many, it’s the perfect time for ticking off items on the bucket list and enjoying activities they couldn’t do before, such as boating. Setting sail on serene waters has a draw that’s hard to resist, especially once you’ve reached your golden years, but it can unfortunately be an expensive hobby. With these financial tips, investing in a boat for retirement is within reach.

Why Invest in a Boat?

Investing in a boat can offer several benefits depending on your interests as well as your lifestyle. In many cases, the most common reasons as to why one would invest in a boat is for recreation/leisure, family time, and adventure!

In the financial world, large purchases are seldom one-dimensional. However, they can be gateways to new experiences or investment opportunities. A boat, with its allure of freedom and tranquility, often blinds potential owners to its financial complexities. With a good understanding of your needs and what’s available, you can spend your glory days in luxury and comfort.

Don’t forget that investing in a boat depends greatly on the individual themselves and what they are comfortable in affording. As great as it is to own one, you don’t want it to feel like you’re being submerged by a financial burden especially towards your later years in life. Find something that you can truly afford and go from there.

Understanding the Cost of Ownership

As mentioned above, owning a boat depends greatly on the individual themself and what they can afford. The financial commitments of boat ownership extend far beyond the initial purchase price. From understanding the dos and don’ts of marine craft maintenance to preparing your vessel for foul weather, upkeep can turn the investment into a bottomless expense if not managed wisely.

Here are some common costs that every prospective boat owner should consider:

• Purchase Price: The upfront cost varies widely based on the boat’s type and age.
• Maintenance and Repairs: Regular upkeep, including engine maintenance, hull cleaning, and repairs.
• Docking Fees: Charges for mooring or storing your boat at a marina or docking facility.
• Insurance: Protection against accidents, theft, and natural disasters.
• Fuel: Operational expense that can fluctuate with usage and fuel market prices.
• Safety Equipment: Initial purchase and replacement costs for items such as life jackets, fire extinguishers, and flares.

Understanding these costs is imperative, as they can tally up faster than the wakes behind a speedboat.

Legal and Financial Considerations

There are also key legal and tax-based implications of boat ownership. When considering the various forms of state and federal taxes on a boat’s purchase, operation, and potential resale, the financial burden can become relatively heavy. Annual or biennial fees can add up and make it difficult to ascertain the full price of boat ownership beforehand. Continue Reading…

My latest column looks at a topic of high importance for near-retirees or already retired folk who have reached their early 70s: the requirement to convert an RRSP to a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF) and/or annuitize.. You can find the full column by clicking on the highlighted text here:  How to cope with the RRSP-to-RRIF deadline in your early 70s.

As the column mentions, this deadline is rapidly approaching for my wife and me.

Here’s how Matthew Ardrey, senior wealth advisor at Toronto-based Tridelta Financial, sees the big picture on RRSP-to-RRIF conversions: “By the year in which one turns 72, the government mandates that the taxpayer convert their RRSP to a RRIF and draw out at least the minimum payment. The minimum payment is calculated by the value of the RRIF on January 1^st multiplied by a percentage rate that is tied to the taxpayer’s age. Each year older they get, the higher that percentage becomes.”

Currently, at age 72 (the latest that you can receive the first RRIF payment), the minimum withdrawal is a modest 5.28% of the market value of your RRIF assets. By age 95, this increases to 20% of the market value, says Rona Birenbaum, founder of Caring for Clients.

You need to take the RRSP to RRIF deadline seriously: you must convert by December 31^st of the calendar year in which you turn 71. What if you miss it? Then, Birenbaum cautions, 100% of your RRSP becomes taxable income in that year, which will often push you into the highest marginal tax rate. Needless to say, for those with hefty RRSPs, losing almost half of it in a single tax year would be disastrous.

There is of course the option of using your RRSP to purchase an annuity, but Birenbaum observes that most clients opt for the greater flexibility of the RRIF.

Given the normal human inclination to procrastinate, most near-retirees will probably want to keep their RRSPs going until the bitter end and aim for this “latest” deadline for conversion. However, technically, Birenbaum says you can open a RRIF much earlier than is mandated. “There is no earliest age, though it’s rarely beneficial to open a RRIF during your working years.”

Note that when RRIF income is received, it’s taxed as fully taxable income, Ardrey says, “There is no preferential treatment for this income, like there would be for capital gains or Canadian dividends. Though this income is a cornerstone for many Canadians, it can also cause tax complications that were not there

While similar in several respects Birenbaum notes some important differences between RRSPs and RRIFs. Both are tax-sheltered vehicles, can hold the same investments, and withdrawals are fully taxable as income. However, RRSP contributions are tax-deductible, while you can’t contribute to a RRIF (so there are no tax deductions.)

RRSPs don’t have any mandated withdrawals, whereas RRIFs have mandated annual withdrawals, starting in the calendar year after you open the account. With RRSPs, there are no minimum withdrawals, although they are permitted: your only option is to request a one-time lump sum withdrawal (and pay tax on it at various rates depending on the amount you wish to withdraw).

RRIFs have mandated annual minimum withdrawals, which rise steadily over time. Minimums are outlined on this website. Unlike an RRSP, a RRIF lets you automate withdrawals for ease of cash flow management (monthly, quarterly, annually etc.)

Unless the taxpayer requests it, there are no withholding taxes on RRIF minimums. A second complication is that this extra income from the RRIF can also trigger clawbacks of Old Age Security (OAS) benefits. If income exceeds $90,997, OAS payments will be clawed back by $0.15 for every dollar over this amount until they reach zero, Ardrey warns.

Pension splitting and using your spouse’s age

Fortunately, there are ways to minimize these possible tax consequences. If you are one half of couple, you can benefit from a form of pension income splitting: RRIF income can be split with a spouse on their tax returns, providing the taxpayer is over the age of 65. “Even if incomes are in a situation where a RRIF income split would not seem logical, a split of $2,000 can provide a pension tax credit for the spouse. This could also be the difference between being impacted by the OAS clawback or not.”

Another trick is basing your minimum RRIF payment on your spouse’s age. This works when you have a younger spouse/ By doing this, the taxpayer gets their younger partner’s age percentage applied to their RRIF minimum payment.

The full MoneySense columns goes into the mechanics of withholding taxes and what happens upon death.

The Mechanics of Conversion

Birenbaum says you can usually expect your financial institution to reach out to you to remind you before the deadline. There will be paperwork to file at the institution where you’d like to hold the RRIF, although it’s not required that the RRIF be at the same place your RRSP is held. Your existing RRSP investment holdings can be simply transferred to your new RRIF account. The initial paperwork will ask you to set your desired payment schedule (day of month and payment frequency), to choose RRIF minimums based on your age or that of your younger spouse.