All posts by Financial Independence Hub

Biden Presidency may be more taxing for Canadians with cross-border affairs

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By Elena Hanson     

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

Finally, the U.S. election season is behind us. But a new presidential administration typically means changes in the taxation landscape, and President-Elect Joe Biden is sure to follow suit. In fact, a Biden presidency may have certain implications for a number of people on this side of the border.

One of the proposals in his election campaign may prove especially punitive to Canadian taxpayers, especially those who hold U.S. real property or any U.S. publicly traded securities in Canadian- or U.S.-based investment portfolios, RRSPs, RRIFs or TFSAs. (Think of your shares of Apple or Microsoft, which have seen a great deal of growth in recent years with quarterly dividends literally dripping into your accounts!)

Tax implications at death diverge in the 2 countries

Hopefully, most Canadians are aware that the tax implications at death tend to diverge when it comes to Canada and the United States. In Canada, capital assets of the person who dies are subject to deemed disposition on the person’s terminal tax return, unless those assets are jointly held with a surviving spouse or they go to a trust designated to the surviving spouse. If the latter two conditions apply, there will be a tax deferral and the tax to be paid only happens when the surviving spouse dies.

In the U.S. non-American citizens are taxed on the market value of their U.S. assets held at the time of death if the total value of such assets exceeds USD $60,000. Interestingly, that $60,000 threshold was set up back in the 1980s and is not subject to any adjustment for inflation. This clearly demonstrates that foreign taxpayers are quite low on the priority list for policy makers in that country.

In addition to this incredibly low filing threshold, there is no deferral permitted upon the death of the first spouse. There is also a presumption that the person who died, the decedent, owns 100 per cent of the couple’s property and must be taxed on the entirety of the couple’s U.S. assets in excess of the $60,000 exclusion.

Now this is where salt gets rubbed into the wound. The executor of the will may be required to look back over the preceding three years – prior to the passing of the person – to determine if they had gifted in any of those years. If so, the value of the gifted property would have to be brought back for tax purposes.

Canada-US Income Tax Treaty provides some relief for Canadians

Luckily for Canadians, the Canada-U.S. Income Tax Treaty overrides harsh provisions of American domestic law. For example, Article 29-B of the Treaty allows taxpayers to avoid U.S. taxation (but they still must file tax returns if the value of the estate exceeds the $60,000 exclusion) if the worldwide market value of the property of the deceased is less than USD $11.58 million (2020 rates). That exclusion is doubled if the assets are jointly held with a surviving spouse. But this generous escape hatch is not automatic; the person in question, a U.S. non-resident, must file their non-resident estate tax return within nine months of the date of death.

Now, let’s get back to the recent U.S. election outcome and why it matters to Canadians. With Joe Biden as President of the United States, that exemption of USD $11.58 million is expected to be lowered quite significantly, and may happen as soon as January 1, 2022. In fact, it may even happen in 2021 following Biden’s inauguration, although it is unlikely that exclusion would be the first tax reform the administration will choose to focus on.

At this point, we do not know how much the exemption will be lowered. Based on changes to the U.S. estate tax over the past two decades, it has already been adjusted at least three times. In 2003, it went from $600,000 to $1 million, then in 2009 to $3.5 million and one year later in 2010 to $5 million. It is likely that the exemption will revert to either the 2009 or 2010 level, subject to adjustment for inflation. Continue Reading…

7 Retirement tips for young Savers

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By Mikayla St. Clair

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

One might think that planning for retirement while still young is a hindrance and a waste of time. However, the truth is that early planning has its benefits because you are not just planning for your old age but preparing for every other day you live as well. Planning is not easy; you need a few retirement tips on how to go about it regardless of whether you are just thinking about it or already have a plan. Here are seven appropriate for young savers

1.) Focus on financial stability

The real aim of planning for retirement is to ensure one has financial freedom in old age. If having a retirement plan below 30 years seems off, look at it this way, retirement is like saving to ensure you are financially stable. This is feasible through working out your expenses early; save up for the coming month’s expenses.

2.) Live within your means

Often young people tend to live lives that are way beyond their means. With this, most of their earnings go into acquiring things they may not need. As a result, some rarely have anything for saving. While the idea of getting anything you want sounds good, it may only be momentary and poses dangers in the future.

3.) Have a Plan

With a single monthly pay-check, budgeting may be tricky. There are bills to be paid, debts to be cleared, and much more. That is why you need a plan, plan your expenditures, and ensure to leave some for savings. How do you achieve this?

Cut back on unnecessary costs; if your workplace requires long commutes, consider moving somewhere closer. Spending those extra dollars or minutes on the road may not seem harmful, but they accumulate into a significant loss of wealth with time. Start small; often, the ideology people have is that each contribution must be in high number in saving. However, you may invest too much and exhaust everything. Start small, and eventually, things will build up. Continue Reading…

The 13 biggest Life Insurance mistakes: Experts’ perspectives

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By Lorne Marr, CFP

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

There are numerous life insurance mistakes Canadians are making, and who qualifies better to talk about these mistakes than life insurance experts? We asked numerous life insurance experts to weigh in on the top life insurance mistakes they have seen throughout their careers.

You can find a summary of their replies in the above chart, with more detailed explanations following in their segments (% shows how often a particular mistake has been mentioned).

The top three mistakes are:

1.) Putting off your life insurance purchase until it is too late, or not getting life insurance at all (especially in your younger years).

2.) Not doing a needs analysis and not understanding all possible risks resulting from being underinsured.

3.) Not leveraging the benefits of a permanent life insurance policy due to its higher cost, though there are numerous benefits to this product in the long run.

Tony Bosch, Development Hub Financial

Tony Bosch – Executive Vice President Broker Development Hub Financial

“Life insurance is a key component in most financial and estate plans”

Three key mistakes people make when purchasing life insurance:

  1. Not doing a needs analysis: The first step in any life insurance purchase should be to do a proper needs analysis. People often fail to look at the big picture when buying life insurance. The calculation of how much insurance you need should be more detailed than just having your mortgage paid off or replacing a certain multiple of your income. In determining your life insurance needs it is necessary to determine what amount is actually necessary to “allow your family to maintain their standard of living and pay off outstanding debt”under “less than ideal circumstances,” factoring in that the grieving process and the time to recover emotionally may take several months or even years. Life insurance should provide “financial confidence.” allowing a family time to adapt and adjust to life without a loved one.
  2. Product selection: Life insurance, unlike most forms of insurance, can come in a variety of payment options from low cost term insurance to permanent policies that can build substantial tax sheltered cash values and can help solve estate planning needs and/or serve as an alternative investment. The problem arises when the product selection overrides the need. Clients with a limited budget may be attracted by product features causing them to choose a permanent product with a lower face amount than is required. A family with three kids may like the idea of a shiny sports car but may need a mini van. It is critical to first define the amount of protection required and then choose the product or combination of products that meet this need within a given budget.
  3. Choosing a solution based on price and/or convenience rather than contract guarantees and flexibility: A simple example may be purchasing loan or mortgage insurance through a lending institution. Although this may seem like an easy and convenient solution, it may require additional underwriting at the time of claim, which could result in a claim being denied. A basic renewable and convertible term plan underwritten by an insurance company may take a little more time to set up, but in most instances provides a better and more flexible policy that can adapt to your changing needs.

Life insurance is a key component in most financial and estate plans. Working with an experienced and trusted independent advisor will help make sure you and your family get the life insurance you require with the flexibility to adjust to your changing needs.

Michael Liem, Canada Protection Plan

Michael Liem – Canada Protection Plan Regional Vice President

“Don’t put it off until it is too late.”
  1. Putting it off until it is too late: Even though Canada Protection Plan can help get life insurance for people with medical or lifestyle issues, I think it is always best to get insurance when you don’t need it and when you are healthy. It’s not how much you can afford, but rather how healthy you are that gets you the best insurance options.
  2. Not telling anyone about your life policy: People get a life insurance policy but when they pass away, some beneficiaries don’t even know about it. I always suggest that advisors should acquire contact information for the beneficiaries and where possible, introduce themselves because these beneficiaries will most likely be contacting the advisor to make a claim.
  3. Regularly reviewing a client’s policy: So many advisors provide the initial policy but never review them. People’s lives are constantly changing and they may need to adjust or add more coverage. If an advisor never contacts their client, then they should not be surprised when the client switches their business to another advisor.
Lawrence Geller, L.I. Geller Insurance Agencies

Lawrence Geller – President of L.I. Geller Insurance Agencies

 “Everyone has asked to either renew the existing policy or buy a new policy.”

Of the many people who have assured me over the years that they only needed life insurance for a maximum of 10 years, every one has asked to either renew the existing policy or buy a new policy to replace the one that was renewing. Even then, most have deluded themselves by thinking that they would not need the coverage when the term of the contract ended, and almost all have wanted coverage at the end of the term.

Not a single client who bought a guaranteed paid up whole life policy has ever told me that they made the wrong choice of coverage, although many have told me that they wished that they had purchased a larger amount of life insurance.

Daniel Audet – Vice President Assumption Life

Daniel Audet, Assumption Life

“Don’t gamble on being uninsured.”

The top life insurance mistake, from a consumer’s perspective, has to be the choice to gamble on being uninsured (or underinsured).

LIMRA reported a year ago in 2019 that 32 per cent of Canadian households do not have any life insurance coverage, while 56 per cent of Canadian households do not have any individual life coverage. Everyone would agree that there are more pleasant things to consider and address than the risk of dying prematurely, and that may be the reason why so many Canadians are shying away from a proper assessment. More likely, the observation comes from a knowledge gap of the risk and associated loss. Many Canadians would not necessarily consider themselves as gamblers, meanwhile the chosen approach of not buying insurance (or not buying enough) is very similar to that of a gambler’s behavior. The gambler “invests” a little wager with a small probability of a large payoff. In comparison the non-insured “saves” paying a small premium hoping he/she wouldn’t die with a significant financial burden. Both types of gamblers have small amounts involved when compared to what is at stake, and the odds of the event, while relatively small, can have a significant impact. They are just at both ends of the spectrum: the casino gambler hoping for the big win, and the life gambler neglecting to consider the major financial loss.

Turning a blind eye to the needs of paying final expenses, replacing income, paying off the mortgage, or paying the estate bills, and choosing not to be insured (or underinsured) is essentially just like gambling the financial state of the loved ones left behind. Several Canadians, when asked why they do not own life insurance, have stated they could not afford it (27 per cent) or that they had other financial priorities (25 per cent). Continue Reading…

Creating an environmentally safe Home

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By Sia Hasan

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

Your home is your castle, but it might also be a substantial contributor to environmental contamination. That certainly isn’t a very encouraging thought, but you can do something about it. These tips can help you create an eco-conscious home that is safe for your family and the environment.

Upgrade Your Appliances

The major appliances in most homes use a lot of energy, and older ones tend to be the least efficient. Upgrading to energy-efficient models can help the environment by reducing your dependence on electricity or fuel oils. The heating, air conditioning and water heater systems are prime targets for the biggest reduction in resource consumption. Look for new models that are ENERGY STAR certified for the highest level of efficiency. When visiting a water heater company, look into tankless heaters that supply a nearly endless amount of hot water on demand.

Invest in Smart Home Technology

Smart homes can also help you reduce utility consumption and your carbon footprint. Even if you have a programmable thermostat, consider adding a Wi-Fi-connected one to make adjustments while you are away from home. You will have a more comfortable and customizable experience that way. Smart refrigerators are not only very efficient, but some also let you see inside without opening the door. That means they can maintain a more even temperature, requiring less run time. They can also help you cut down on repeated trips to the store by allowing you to see inside while you are wandering the aisles of your local supermarket.

Switch Cleaning Products

How you clean your home affects the environment inside it as much as it does the planet. Most people wouldn’t knowingly expose themselves and their family to hazardous materials Yet, by choosing to use many common cleaning products, that is exactly what they do.

These chemicals can cause irritation if allowed to contact the skin and respiratory symptoms if inhaled. In addition, many make their way into groundwater where they can cause potential contamination. Luckily, it is an easy situation to remedy. Environmentally friendly and safe green cleaning products are readily available at most grocery and big box stores, so you can make the switch without having to go out of your way. They are just as effective and much safer to use.

Eliminate Food Waste

Nearly half of all food purchased in the U.S. becomes waste. That is both sad and completely avoidable. Embrace root to stem cooking techniques to consume more of the fruits and veggies you do buy. Scraps can be saved in the freezer and turned into delicious vegetable stock later on. Many fruits and veggies that are starting to show their age can also be made into baked goods like bread, cookies and cakes. For the carnivores out there, don’t toss those bones after a meal. Instead, turn them into a nutritious stock or bone broth.

Turn the food waste you do produce into compost — something useable and eco-friendly. Learning how to compost can be simple and fun for the whole family. Check with any HOA or other neighborhood associations to ensure you don’t run afoul of their policies regarding outdoor composting before you get started. Or, explore indoor composting option instead. Vermicomposting using a worm bin is often a favorite method for kids who will have a blast playing with the wriggly critters. Bokashi composting uses an inoculant to transform virtually any food scraps into compost in about a month.

The investment of time and resources you make in creating an environmentally friendly home will pay you back in improved health and well being. Use technology to your advantage with smart and energy-efficient appliances, minimize harmful chemicals and reduce food waste to get started.

Sia Hasan is a tech entrepreneur by day, and a freelance writer by night. Her passion lies in business technology, efficient and sleek programming, and customer relationship management. When she doesn’t have her nose pressed against her computer screen, you can find her spending time with the loves of her life, her two dogs, Pixel and Vector.

The most under-owned Asset Class

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Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) are just some of the 23 Emerging Markets most investors are underweight in

By John DeGoey, CFP, CIM

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

Pretty much every serious investor has a favourite investment thesis or theme that they employ.  Many of these are mainstream, which, by, definition, means that a number of people do something similar.  One such theme is to invest disproportionately in either dividend paying stocks or stocks that have a history of raising dividends.  Some people like to invest in the so-called FAANG stocks.  Some people like to speculate and call it ‘investing’ by putting large percentages of their assets into new ideas like cannabis stocks.  The point is that there are different strokes for different folks and that virtually everyone can justify their own peculiarities.  People seldom resist their own ideas.

I’m like most people.  For a generation now, I have been pounding my fist on the table about the need to address what I see as a chronic under-investment in emerging market equities.  To me, this asset class makes sense from virtually every meaningful perspective: historical risk, expected return, co-variance, current valuation, prognosis for growth… you name it.

In a world where overall GDP growth is anemic and not likely to improve materially in our lifetimes, emerging economies are the only ones where economic (specifically, GDP) growth remains strong.  These are rapidly industrializing countries which are mostly stable politically, young and full of ambitious strivers who want access to a more western way of life.  Many people are of the viewpoint that the key to a growing economy is a growing middle class. There are far more people entering middle class status in emerging economies than anywhere else. Continue Reading…