Hub Blogs contains fresh contributions written by Financial Independence Hub staff or contributors that have not appeared elsewhere first, or have been modified or customized for the Hub by the original blogger. In contrast, Top Blogs shows links to the best external financial blogs around the world.
Canadians have faced cost pressures in many facets of their daily lives, including housing costs, food and gas prices, and insurance premiums to name a few. At the same time, Canadians may be thinking about how inflation and volatile interest rates may have impacted their retirement savings over Q4.
Canadians that participate in defined benefit (DB) pension plans are likely to have seen the financial health of their DB pension plans weaken in Q4, but show an overall improvement over the whole of 2023. DB pension plans that used fixed income leverage may have experienced stable or improved solvency ratios over the quarter.
The Mercer Pension Health Pulse (MPHP) is a measure that tracks the median solvency ratio of the defined benefit (DB) pension plans in Mercer’s pension database. At December 31, 2023 the MPHP closed out the year at 116%, which is a decline over the quarter from 125% as at September 30, 2023, but an improvement from 113% at the beginning of the year. The solvency ratio is one measure of the financial health of a pension plan.
In the final quarter, plans saw positive asset returns, but these returns were not enough to offset an increase in DB liabilities due to a decline in bond yields. While we saw a decline in the financial health of DB pension plans over Q4, it improved over the whole of 2023. In addition, compared to the beginning of year, there are more DB pension plans with solvency ratios above 100%.
Canadian inflation and interest rates
Canadian inflation came down over 2023 and is approaching the upper end of the Bank of Canada’s inflation-control target of 3%. General views are that inflation will continue to decline in 2024 and reach the policy target of 2% in 2025. In 2023 the Bank of Canada increased the overnight rate to 5.00% from 4.25%, which was a continuation of increases that commenced in 2022, to mitigate inflation and to balance against the risk of a recession.
However, DB pension plan benefits are accumulated and paid over periods that are significantly longer than the overnight rate. Interest rates on Canadian bonds with longer terms were volatile throughout the year and finished at lower levels than at the start of the year. It’s unclear whether the interest rates that apply to DB pension plans will stabilize in 2024, and if so, at what level. As such, interest rates continue to pose a significant risk for many DB pension plans. Continue Reading…
Below is an edited transcript of a podcast interview conducted late in 2023 between myself and Burn Your Mortgage podcaster and author Sean Cooper.
The conversation starts with our thoughts on the high price of housing in Canada and how newcomers trying to get on the first rung of the housing ladder can get a start by saving up in Tax-Free Savings Accounts (TFSAs) and the new First Home Savings Accounts (FHSAs.)
From there we move on a discussion of saving for Retirement, my concept of Findependence (or Financial Independence) and Semi-Retirement: aka Victory Lap Retirement.
Click any of the links below to hear the full audio podcast on your favorite podcast app. Below that is a shortened edited transcript of the interview.
Let’s get started with our interesting discussion today on findependence as well as your daughter’s journey to homeownership. I remember you being on a segment of CBC on the money back in the day a few years ago, with your daughter. So yes, the first thing I want to ask you about is the challenge of younger folks buying a property around that housing affordability issue, so maybe we can talk a bit about your daughter’s journey to homeownership and also about the new First Home Savings Account (FHSA.)
Jonathan Chevreau
Sure. first of all, as an only child, we remind her that eventually we’ll be gone and that this current house will be hers in any case. So that removes some pressure. Is it a challenge right now in places like Toronto and Vancouver to buy a first home? Yes, it is. Is it impossible? No, it’s like anything else in personal finance. It’s priorities. I think I’ve educated her to the point that she’s been saving in a TFSA and maximizing it since she was 18 years old.
The point is between the TFSA and now the First Home Savings Account, it’s a lot better to receive interest than to pay it out once you commit to a house, which is a lot more expensive than the baby boomers ever had to pay … We’d rather collect rent, in effect, or interest income than than pay it out.
FHSA versus TFSA and Homebuyers Plan
Sean Cooper
Could you share your thoughts on how the FHSA compares to the TFSA and the RRSP homebuyer plan?
Jonathan Chevreau
As you know, the FHSA has only been out for about a year. And it allows you to invest $8,000 a year into basically anything that an RRSP or a TFSA would allow you to invest in. So not just fixed income, but you can invest in stocks, ETFs, asset allocation ETFs, etc. And you get a deduction similar to how an RRSP generates one.
But the beauty of it is it’s very flexible, like a TFSA. You don’t have to buy a first home. But it’s only good for people who have never bought a home yet, so it’s a one-time only deal. I would say it would be a priority. But whether or not you think you’re going to buy a home, you certainly will want to retire at some point. And therefore the FHSA does double duty.
Sean Cooper
I agree completely. And the FHSA is a lot more flexible than the homebuyer plan, you can actually use both of them together. So if you have a lot of money in your RRSP, then you can use them in combination. But a couple cool things that I learned is that with the RRSP home buyers plan, there’s actually the rule that basically any contributions that you make, it has to sit in the account for 90 days before you can take the money out. But with the FHSA, it doesn’t have that same rule, you can essentially contribute money and then pretty much take it out. And you don’t have to wait 90 days or anything like that.
Jonathan Chevreau
The good thing about home equity and a paid for-home because as you know, Sean, I’ve written that the foundation of financial independence is a paid-for home, but once it’s paid for there is home equity, then, if you have to, in the last five years of Old Age would tap it to pay for, I don’t know, $6,000 or $7,000 a month for a nursing home or retirement home. Nice to have in the back of your pocket, the home equity.
My view is, there’s no rush to get out there and buy a first home at these high interest rates and home prices are also almost near record high though they’ve come down a bit.
Retirement savings, pensions, CPP, OAS
Sean Cooper
Why don’t we switch gears and talk about the second topic that we want to discuss: financial independence. If all the money is in the house, and you don’t have a gold-plated pension plan, you have a bit of a challenge there. Now, certainly you can downsize but then there is the cost of moving and the land transfer tax, and all that.
Jonathan Chevreau
Well, I don’t have a gold-plated pension. I would call it more like a bronze-plated one. Mostly from National Post, since I was there for 19 years. My wife has no employer pension, but always maximized her RRSP. And we obviously eat our own cooking, so we have maximized our TFSAs since it began. We delayed CPP as long as we could, but didn’t quite wait until 70 because actuary and author Fred Vettese had an article in The Globe the last couple of weeks arguing that those who are 68 or 69 now are probably better off taking CPP a year or two earlier, so you get the inflation adjustment.
Most financial planners would say you should look at CPP and OAS really nice additions to savings and that can be the foundation or your findependence, especially if you don’t have an employer-provided Defined Benefit pension plan. Some worry that if the worst happens, like Alberta leaving CPP, what if somehow they renege on the CPP promise? But I don’t think it’s going to happen.
Retiree money fears and Asset Allocation
Still, it doesn’t hurt to have financial assets so in the end, you’re not going to be dependent on the government or any one employer. One thing you can count on is your personal investments like RRSPs/RRIFs, TFSAs, and non registered savings. Then of course, if you’re managing your own money , you have to worry about the fear of every retiree: running out of money or losing money if the stock market crashes. Asset allocation is the proper protection there: my own financial advisor recommends 60% fixed income to 40% stocks, I guess we’re close to that. Right now GICs — guaranteed investment certificates — are paying roughly 4 or 5%, depending where you go. If you ladder them so they mature one to five years from now, then you don’t have to worry about the reinvestment risk. You just reinvest whenever they come due at current rates. Continue Reading…
The link between financial well-being and physical wellness is clearer than ever in the fast-paced world of today.
The purpose of this article is to present a thorough understanding of this complex relationship and emphasize the need of implementing preventative measures in order to ensure long-term security.
Recognizing the Connection
Stress related to money can harm our physical well-being and result in a variety of problems, including chronic illnesses, anxiety, and insomnia. Similarly, low physical health can financially burden finances due to higher medical costs and lower productivity at work. Acknowledging this interdependence is essential to implementing a comprehensive strategy for overall wellness.
How Financial Stress affects your Health and Vice Versa
Financial Stress
Financial stress is the emotional and psychological strain arising from financial problems or uncertainties.
Causes: It can stem from various factors such as debt, job loss, inadequate savings, unexpected expenses, or economic instability. Individuals and families may experience financial stress when they perceive a gap between their financial resources and their lifestyle demands.
Impact of Financial Stress on Health
Mental Health: Persistent financial stress is strongly linked to mental health issues, including anxiety and depression. The constant worry about making ends meet or dealing with debt can contribute to heightened stress levels.
Physical Health: Chronic stress has been associated with a range of physical health problems, including cardiovascular issues, sleep disturbances, and compromised immune function.
Behavioural Responses to Financial Stress
Unhealthy Coping Mechanisms: Some individuals may adopt harmful coping mechanisms, such as excessive alcohol or substance use, overeating, or neglecting self-care, as a response to financial stress. These behaviours can further exacerbate health problems.
Reduced Access to Healthcare: Financial Barriers to Healthcare: Individuals facing financial stress may delay or avoid seeking medical attention due to the cost of healthcare services. This can result in undiagnosed or untreated health conditions, leading to more significant health issues over time.
Job Performance and Productivity
Impact on Employment: Financial stress can affect job performance and may even lead to job loss in extreme cases. The loss of employment not only exacerbates financial stress but also disrupts one’s sense of security and stability, impacting mental health.
Vice Versa: How Health affects Finances
Medical Expenses: Poor health can lead to increased medical expenses, including doctor visits, medications, and possible hospitalization. These costs can contribute to financial strain, especially if the individual does not have adequate health insurance coverage.
Work Productivity and Income
Reduced Productivity: Health issues can result in decreased work productivity, absenteeism, or the inability to perform specific job functions. Financial stress may then be exacerbated due to lower income or job loss.
Breaking the Cycle
Financial Literacy and Planning: Improving financial literacy and implementing effective financial planning strategies can help individuals mitigate financial stress. Understanding budgeting, savings, and investment can contribute to a sense of control and security.
Practices for Health and Well-Being: In a similar vein, embracing a healthy lifestyle, learning stress-reduction strategies, and promptly seeking medical attention can enhance both physical and mental health by interrupting the vicious cycle of stress and its negative effects on finances and health.
Proactive Financial Strategies
Financial Planning and Budgeting for a Secure Future
The first step toward securing your financial future is to create and stick to a budget. Goal-setting, tracking expenses, and making decisions are all included in this section on the practical aspects of budgeting. A well-structured budget acts as a roadmap for obtaining financial stability.
Investment and Savings Tips for Long-Term Stability
Long-term financial stability depends on having a solid savings and investing plan. From determining your risk tolerance to researching various investment options, this section offers helpful advice on accumulating wealth and guaranteeing a secure financial future. Continue Reading…
From strategic moves in real estate to the expansion of businesses, twelve seasoned professionals share their stories of how calculated risks have shaped their wealth-building journeys.
Spanning from lessons learned in real estate investing to calculated risks propelling business expansion, these insights delve into the pivotal decisions that can make or break financial growth. Discover the risks that reaped rewards and the wisdom gained from taking chances in the world of investment and entrepreneurship.
As a successful real estate investor, taking calculated risks plays a big part in my wealth-building journey, but it’s not something I’ve done well from the beginning. For example, the first property I ever invested in was an old house that ended up having a lot of issues, like animal infestations.
Clearly, I took a poorly calculated risk by buying that property because I wasn’t aware of the problems before investing. But it did help me learn an important lesson: Taking risks becomes a lot more manageable when you’ve done your research and understand the magnitude of the risks involved. If you go in blind, like I did that first time, it’s much harder to make smart decisions.
Thankfully, I did end up earning big returns on that property (and properties I’ve invested in since), so the investment did pay off. And now, I always do my research before signing on the dotted line to help minimize risk. –– Ryan Chaw, Founder and Real Estate Investor, Newbie Real Estate Investing
Successful Shift to Hotel Investments
As real estate investors, my husband and I take calculated risks regularly. The biggest risk we took was transitioning from apartment complexes to hotels six years ago. Moving into a completely unknown industry was an enormous risk, since our entire knowledge base and experience was around long-term rentals. Hotels go beyond rentals; they are a section of the commercial real estate market; they are full businesses with significant demands around 24/7 daily operations.
Our decision to move into this market was driven by reduced ROI in the multifamily space, and we sought a more profitable investment opportunity. This transition wasn’t just about moving into a completely unknown industry; it also required us to place trust in a business partner because, in order to secure financing, we needed to demonstrate an experienced operator who could soundly manage the hotel.
The risk paid off. This particular hotel has consistently delivered high returns: even during the pandemic. It’s led to additional hotel acquisitions and a strong friendship with our hotel operator partner. We’ve built up our expertise in the hotel industry through our experience with this first successful hotel, expanded, and gained a solid understanding of what it takes to run hotels profitably.
We’re exploring international opportunities. All because we took a calculated risk six years ago and moved into hotels. That initial leap of faith opened doors we never could have imagined at the time. –– Nic Stohler, Creator, Nic’s Guide
Daily Risk-Taking yields Flipping Success
I take calculated risks every day in making offers on properties that I’m going to close on and list, or close on and flip. This risk comes in many forms, such as often not having 100% of the information from a seller, not knowing where the market is going to be a couple of months from now, or simply having a project run longer than expected.
These calculated risks that I take daily have helped tremendously in the wealth-building journey, as I’ve been able to complete some very successful flip projects, such as one I purchased last year for $460,000. In this scenario, I opted for the seller to finance me 80% of the purchase price; it was a hoarder house, and I didn’t really know where the market was going to be by the time we finished.
Fortunately for us, by the time we listed it three months later, we were able to get 20 offers and sell the property for $770,000. — Sebastian Jania, CEO, Ontario Property Buyers
Investing in Personal Digital Brand Growth
They say insanity is doing the same thing and expecting different results. Building wealth is rarely easy and requires some level of risk. This year, I risked spending dozens of hours and thousands of dollars to grow my digital brand.
To most people, pouring a lot of energy and money into a business that isn’t guaranteed success is scary and irrational. However, I took the risk anyway because I’d already spent years learning different skills and believed in what I was doing. Despite spending thousands of dollars, my business is now profitable after taxes and expenses.
Even if my business had failed, I would’ve gained invaluable experience I could use toward my next investment. Building wealth can be risky, but you can reduce your risk by taking the time to understand your investment and assess your risk tolerance.-– Chris Alarcon, Journalist/Owner, Financially Well Off
Authenticity drives Startup’s Viral Growth
As an entrepreneur trying to grow a personal finance startup, risks are inevitable. However, one risk that I took early on that paid off immensely was getting vulnerable and sharing my personal story so openly.
Deciding to base my entire brand voice and messaging around my own memoir was risky. I shared details about my failures and shortcomings during my debt repayment journey: not ideals I thought people might want to hear about. But I knew if I only showed the highlights, it wouldn’t be authentic or establish trust. I had to risk being judged or dismissed to remain genuine.
It ended up paying off hugely. By bravely recounting even my toughest setbacks on my blog and social platforms, readers connected with my transparency. They saw themselves in my story. This drove immense word-of-mouth growth for My Millennial Guide in those early days when marketing budgets were non-existent.
Had I played it safe and kept my journey vague and surface-level, I doubt my message would have resonated so strongly. I’m grateful every day that I took the risk to stay true to my vulnerable, unconventional backstory: it fueled my wealth-building journey tremendously. — Brian Meiggs, Founder, My Millennial Guide
Life is all about risk, and your wealth-building is an area that’s no different. Over the years, I’ve taken plenty of risks that have helped me grow my wealth.
One of those is investing in a local comic convention. I saw them make a call for investors to seed some of the celebrity stars they were looking to bring in. This seemed like a great opportunity to invest but also a risky proposition. Thoughts of “What if the stars don’t pan out?” or “How will this impact other opportunities?” flooded my mind.
Thankfully, I took the risk, and it’s paid off not only in my wealth but also in the relationships that I have built. Due to the investments, I’ve received annual returns and opportunities to see new investment opportunities through the people I’ve met. –– Joseph Lalonde, Leadership Coach and Author, Reel Leadership
Google Ads Gamble secures Clientele
I took an $8,000 risk that led to my financial success. When I started my content writing agency in my twenties, I had about $8,000 in my bank account. I knew it would take a while to gain traction and find writing clients, so I took a risk.
I invested $1,000 monthly into Google Ads in an effort to get clients. I gave it my all and knew that if I couldn’t find a new, high-paying client within the next eight months, I’d have to return to my 9-to-5 job.
Fortunately, this risk paid off because I got my first client after four months, and by month six, I filled up my schedule. Because I took this calculated risk early on, I can now live a comfortable life and travel the world.— Scott Lieberman, Owner, Touchdown Money
Toronto Condo purchase defies Market Pessimism
Living in one of the most expensive housing markets in the world means hearing a lot about a supposed real estate bubble. For decades, people in Toronto have claimed we’re on the verge of a mega-correction, and because of this, I’ve watched friends stay out of the housing market; for some of them, it’s now too late to buy in.
It’s a good lesson not to let unwarranted negativity seep in. Continue Reading…
As retirement approaches, you ask yourself if you should work after retirement. Here’s a list of pros and cons to find out which path is right for you.
Image courtesy Arista Reality Group
By Dan Coconate
Special to Financial Independence Hub
Retirement is something we dream about. After years of hard work, we look forward to a slow life. However, for many people, the thought of stopping work altogether can be a little daunting.
There’s a big question looming over your head: Should you work after retirement? Find out the pros and cons to make an educated decision.
PRO: Mental Stimulation
Many older individuals discover that they thrive on the challenge and stimulation that work provides. This is especially true when the work involves using skills and experience, as it adds a sense of fulfillment and purpose to your life.
Engaging in such work will keep your brain sharp to enhance cognitive abilities as you age. You can feel fulfilled while reaping the benefits of an agile mind.
CON: Reduced Free Time
The beauty of retirement is the substantial freedom to spend your time as you wish. However, a new job may limit your abilities to embark on new hobbies, travel, and spend time with loved ones.
If you want to pursue a job during retirement, be sure to select a position that’s part-time and flexible. This will ensure that you have the free time you deserve to partake in the activities you desire.
PRO: Extra Income
It’s no secret that with a job comes additional income. While you most likely have a retirement fund arranged, a little extra money can go a long way.
Extra income can contribute to new hobbies, traveling, and treating your family with gifts. But that’s not all it’s good for.
The big question when buying a retirement home is how you will fund the endeavour. Purchasing a house is a costly investment, even if you’re planning to downsize. An additional income can cover portions of mortgage payments, property taxes, and maintenance costs for a more manageable investment.
CON: Social Security Benefits
While the additional income earned from working post-retirement can be advantageous, remember that it may impact your Social Security benefits. In certain circumstances, the Social Security Administration might reduce your benefits if you earn above a specific limit while receiving monthly payments. This could mean that they withhold a portion of your Social Security benefits.
PRO: Social Interaction
Retirement brings about one of the most significant changes: the loss of daily social interaction. Many individuals struggle to adapt to the sudden absence of colleagues and feel a sense of missing out. Continuing to work after Retirement lets you enjoy the much-needed social connection and fostering of new friendships. Continue Reading…
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By Jared Mickall, Mercer Canada
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