Building Wealth

For the first 30 or so years of working, saving and investing, you’ll be first in the mode of getting out of the hole (paying down debt), and then building your net worth (that’s wealth accumulation.). But don’t forget, wealth accumulation isn’t the ultimate goal. Decumulation is! (a separate category here at the Hub).

Canadian Dividend Kings & Aristocrats – Spring 2023

 

By Frugal Trader, MillionDollarJourney

Special to Financial Independence Hub

 

Investing in Dividend Kings (aka Dividend Aristocrats) has come back into style again in as we approach the mid-way point of 2023. After a decade of cheap money-fuelled growth for unprofitable tech stocks the market has now clearly shifted toward the free cash flow darlings that I prefer. Click here to jump directly to my 2023 picks.

After the first few months of 2023, the Canadian market has continued to quietly chug along relative to the more volatile numbers seen in much of the world. For dividend-focused investors, the day-to-day market gyrations are irrelevant.

Reliable (if small) long-term stock appreciation, combined with juicy dividends, are why Canadian dividend kings hold a sacred place in my portfolio. We may very well be in a “sideways” market for a while, and in that situation, holding stocks that spin off gobs of dividend cash is an excellent way to position oneself.

While it looks like inflationary pressures are beginning to ease, top line revenue numbers continue to look good for the vast majority of Canada’s dividend all stars. Real returns though are dependent on profit margins and the ability to keep costs controlled. So far so good for the major Canadian blue chippers on this dividend kings list.

With most of Canada’s best dividend stocks being part of long-time market oligopolies, we see that they have been able to maintain or even grow their profit margins – meaning more profit for shareholders.

With little-to-no news of dividend cuts (or even pauses), dividend-focused investors have likely found it much easier to navigate the stormy market waters relative to growth stock enthusiasts.

Top Canadian Dividend King Pick for 2023: National Bank

Our 2021 top Canadian dividend king pick was Enbridge. I simply felt that given the company’s track record of producing solid returns and rewarding shareholders, the valuation was substantially off.

The stock rewarded me with a capital gain of over 21%, plus the 8.1% dividend (at time of purchase) for an overall return of roughly 29.5%. That compares favorably to the overall return of the TSX (27%) and 25% for CDZ – the Canadian dividend aristocrats ETF.

For 2022 our Canadian dividend king was National Bank (NA).

So… you might be surprised to learn that my Canadian dividend king pick for 2023 is (*drumroll*) National Bank!

Yes – I’m sticking with Canada’s fastest growing bank! I continue to believe in my investing thesis, the market just needs time to bear out the underlying fundamentals. So far so good, as National Bank shares are up nearly 11% year-to-date (and that doesn’t even take into consideration the juicy 4% dividend).

National Bank’s latest quarter earnings report saw a $2.35 EPS, and that represented a strong earnings beat.  The Bank’s Canadian operations continue to hold impressive profit margins – and given the strength of Quebec’s regional economy (National Bank’s home base) I don’t see any reason why this won’t continue to be the case.

Out of all the Canadian banks, National bank has been the most generous with its dividend raises over the last 3- and 5-year periods – BUT even with all that dividend generosity, it still has a fairly low payout ratio.  That bodes well for the long-term, and certainly means there is no dividend cut in store for 2023.

While Provision for Credit Losses (PCLs) will hold the banks a bit in 2023, I don’t see this as a significant headwind overall. I wrote more about the loan loss provisions that the financial institutions were setting aside in my investing in Canadian bank stocks article.

The banks should continue to benefit from the growing interest rate spreads, and their cautious building of reserves is the exact reason why they are such solid long-term investments.

My insights on National Bank – as well as the 2023 Canadian Dividend Kings list below – are based on my own research, but also relied heavily on the advice and tools provided by Dividend Stocks Rock.

DSR not only provides excellent written advice, but also a ton of free webinars, and ideal tools for analyzing both the Canadian and American dividend markets. Read my DSR review for an in-depth look at just why I’m such a big fan of what fellow Canadian Mike Heroux has put together.

Don’t just take my word for it, see what Mike Heroux has to say about National Bank after the latest round of bank earnings reports in 2023.  Mike used to work for National Bank for many years, so if you’re looking for someone that understands all aspects of this company – it’s him!

Dividend Aristocrats and Dividend Kings Offer Stable Growth

In fact, many studies (such as Vanguard) have proven that dividend growers are likely to outperform the market and do it with less volatility. Dividend growers such as the best Canadian dividend aristocrats will continue to increase their dividend in 2023.

Canadian companies with a long history of dividend growth will generally show a strong business model and robust financials. They have gone through many recessions and never stopped increasing dividend payments. In times of confusion and fear, you can go back and look at how companies went through the past crisis and kept their dividend streak alive.

I use the dividend strategy for my leveraged portfolio, a significant portion of my RRSP, and our corporate portfolio.  We currently collect a little over $73,000/year in dividends and if you are interested, you can follow my latest dividend update here.

In the past, I’ve written a number of articles on dividend growth stocks, I’ve never properly categorized them. Here are the most common dividend terms as they relate to the U.S. stock market:

  • Dividend Achiever is a company that has increased its dividend at least 10 years in a row;
  • A Dividend Contender is a traded company that has raised dividends for 10 to 24 consecutive years.
  • A Dividend Champion is a company that has increased its dividend at least 25 years in a row (regardless if it is part of the S&P 500 or not);
  • Dividend Aristocrat is a company that is part of the S&P 500 and that has increased its dividend at least 25 years in a row;
  • Dividend King is a company that has increased its dividend at least 50 years in a row. The true cream of the crop.

Dividend Aristocrats and Dividend Kings in Canada

Here in Canada, we have a relatively small market and an even smaller list of quality dividend stocks.  In a previous article about the top Canadian dividend growth stocks, you will see a number of dividend achievers (10 years+ ), a handful of dividend aristocrats (25 years+), but no dividend kings in Canada (although FTS (48) and CU (49) are getting close).

As of May 2023

Company

Ticker

Years

Current Yield

5 year Revenue Growth

Payout Ratio

Canadian Utilities

CU.TO

50

 

4.59%

-0.18%

99.64%

Fortis Inc.

FTS.TO

48

3.74%

5.87%

79.32%

Toromount Industries Ltd

TIH.TO

32

1.59%

12.48%

28.28%

Canadian Western Bank

CWB.TO

30

5.30%

8.17%

35.85%

Atco Ltd

ACO.X.TO

28

4.21%

1.59%

57.03%

Thomson Reuters

TRI.TO

28

1.57%

4.62%

62.03%

Empire Company Ltd

EMP.A.TO

27

1.84%

4.85%

21.02%

Imperial Oil

IMO.TO

27

3.21%

15.83%

12.70%

Metro Inc

MRU.TO

27

1.55%

7.47%

30.48%

Canadian National Railway

CNR.TO

26

1.97%

5.58%

39.16%

Enbridge Inc

ENB.TO

26

6.70%

3.74%

271.26%

Saputo Inc

SAP.TO

22

2.14%

6.14%

108.03%

TC Energy Corp

TRP.TO

21

6.68%

2.18%

560.84%

Canadian National Resources LTD

CNQ.TO

21

4.71%

21.95%

47.32%

 

CCL Industries Inc

CCL.B.TO

20

1.64%

6.06%

27.35%

Transcontinental Inc.

TCL.A.TO

20

6.15%

8.05%

55.31%

Finning International Inc

FTT.TO

20

2.67%

8.20%

28.74%

Ritchie Bros Auctioneers

RBA.TO

19

1.89%

12.33%

28.80%

TELUS Corp

T.TO

18

4.90%

6.57%

117.59%

Cogeco Communications Inc.

CCA.TO

18

4.86%

5.43%

30.70%

Cogeco Inc

CGO.TO

17

5.28%

4.99%

26.51%

National Bank

NA.TO

12

3.88%

7.93%

36.80%

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Canadian Dividend Aristocrat Definition

While I used the terms dividend achievers and dividend aristocrats for the Canadian stock market  in the previous section, I must highlight that the official definition of the Canadian dividend aristocrat differs from the one established in the U.S.

In order to be considered as a S&P Canadian Dividend Aristocrat, the company must have increased its dividend payout every year for five years – Therefore, we are looking at stocks that have a good potential for raising its dividend but still pretty far away from 25 consecutive years.

Dividend Kings List

In a few years, we will be able to have a shortlist of Canadian dividend kings (including Fortis and Canadian Utilities). In the meantime, where do we find these elusive dividend kings? You’ll have to look at the biggest market in the world – the US!  In the US, there are 30 dividend kings that have increased their dividend at least 50 years in a row. Continue Reading…

How much do you need to retire early at age 40, 45, 50 or 55?

By Bob Lai, Tawcan

Special to Financial Independence Hub

It’s never too early to start looking forward. I’ve been doing this on my site for some time and doing a bunch of assumptions and simulations on what our financial independence retire early might look like.

I also have interviewed many Canadians who are financially independent and/or retired early in my FIRE Canada Interviews.

Having some plans on your hands is better than no plans at all. Furthermore, having some quantitative targets available will allow you to set up different financial milestones and goals each year. Doing so will help you to stay focused and work your way to achieve them.

If you aspire to retire or semi-retire earlier than most people, how much do you need to retire early at age 40, 45, 50 or 55? Thanks to my friends at Cashflows & Portfolios, I have that answer today.

‘Traditional’ retirement vs. the ‘new’ retirement

For those not familiar with Cashflows & Portfolios, it’s a site started by two long time Canadian bloggers, Mark and Joe. Mark runs My Own Advisor, which I started reading before I started this blog. Joe was the brain behind Million Dollar Journey, which I have been following for over a decade.

All three of us believe we need to retire the term: retirement. To be more specific, we believe it’s time to change the ‘traditional’ definition of retirement. It is also important to make sure you know what you’re retiring to. 

Back in the day, when you turned 60 or 65, and once you had grown tired of working by already clocking decades of company time – trading those years in the workplace for your workplace pension to supplement income for your senior years.

Well, workplace pensions are dwindling and more and more, pursuing retirement in any traditional sense seems rather unhealthy today. A traditional retirement can be unhealthy physically, emotionally and financially.

On a physical level, retirement has traditionally meant a decrease in activity. You no longer have a driving reason to get out of bed in the morning, grab a coffee and get to the office – so you take it easier. That may not be beneficial to your wellness and based on my personal fitness experiences, not something that appeals to me.

On an emotional level, retirement for some could lead to social isolation. Potentially, you’ve identified and linked your self-worth to your organization, your co-workers and your manager.

Retirement means you’re leaving your workplace but the organization will undoubtedly continue to work without you being there. Unfortunately, life just works that way; it doesn’t stop for anyone. So, I believe it’s important to maintain a modest level of stimulation at any age, including retirement.

Not remaining socially engaged with other people in retirement could lead to mental health struggles.

Finally, retirement is not cheap, financially. Unless you have a workplace pension (and let’s face it, many Canadians don’t, me included!), you’ll need to rely on your disciplined, multi-decade savings rate to maximize your retirement income stream at age 40, 45, 50 or 55 – by giving up your regular paycheque.

Sure, while there are other retirement income streams to enjoy eventually, like Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and Old Age Security (OAS), many readers of this blog probably don’t want to wait until ages 60 or 65 to tap those income streams respectively.

Let’s get one point straight, it’s a privilege to be able to retire early at age 40, 45, 50 or 55. Early retirement isn’t for everyone and those who can “retire” early typically enjoy some sort of privileges in their lives. Such privileges need to be highlighted more within the FIRE community.

The reality is that you do need to have a certain level of income to build up enough assets by your 40s so your portfolio can withstand some drawdowns in the subsequent decades. A relatively high savings rate combined with a certain level of income will help and is in my opinion crucial. Continue Reading…

Timeless Financial Tips #4: How to Manage your Financial Behavioural Biases

Lowrie Financial: Canva Custom Creation

By Steve Lowrie, CFA

Special to Financial Independence Hub

There are countless external forces influencing your investment outcomes: taxes, market mood swings, breaking news, etc., etc.

Today, let’s look inward, to an equally important influence: your own financial behavioural biases.

The Dark Side of Financial Behavioural Bias

Having evolved over millennia to secure our survival, our deep-seated behavioural biases precondition us to frequently depend more on “gut feel” than rational reflection. Sometimes, our instincts are life-saving, like when a car brakes hard right in front of you. Chemical reactions in the lower brain’s amygdala trigger you to brake too, even as your higher brain is still enjoying the scenery.

Unfortunately, these same rapid-fire triggers often hurt us as investors. When we make snap financial decisions that “feel” right but are rationally wrong, we tend to sabotage our own best interests. By recognizing these reactions as they occur, you’re more likely to stop them from ruining your financial resolve, which in turn improves your odds for better outcomes. Let’s explore some behavioural finance examples that you’ll want to prepare for…

Behavioural Finance Example #1: Fear and FOMO

The point of investing is to buy low and sell high. So, why do so many investors so often do the opposite? You can blame fear, as well as Fear of Missing Out (FOMO investing). Time after time, crisis after crisis, bubble after bubble, investors rush to buy high by chasing hot holdings. They hurry to sell low, fleeing falling prices. They’re letting their behavioural biases overcome their rational resolve.

Behavioural Finance Example #2: Choice Overload and Decision Fatigue

Our brains also don’t deal well with too much information. When we experience information overload, we may stop even trying to be thoughtful, and surrender to our biases. We’ll end up favouring whatever’s most familiar, most recently outperforming, or least scary right now. When choosing from an oversized restaurant menu, that’s okay. But your life savings deserve better than that.

Behavioural Finance Example #3: Popular Demand and Survival of the Fittest

Inherently tribal by nature, we humans are susceptible to herd mentality. When everyone else gets excited and starts chasing fads, whether it is cryptocurrencies, alternative investments, or the other financial exotica-du-jour, we want to pile in too. When the herd turns tail, we want to rush after them. It’s like that old joke about escaping a bear: you don’t need to run faster than the bear; you just need to run faster than the guy next to you. In bear markets, this causes investors to flee otherwise sound positions, selling low, and paying dearly for “safer” holdings, rather than holding their well-planned ground.

Behavioural Finance Example #4: Anchor Points and Other Financial Regrets

Successful investors look past their occasional setbacks and remain focused on capturing the market’s long-term expected returns. But that’s hard to do, as we are often trapped by financial decisions regret. For example, loss aversion causes the average investor to regret losing money approximately twice as much as they appreciate gaining it. Similarly, anchor bias causes us to cling to depreciated holdings long after they no longer make sense in our portfolio, hoping against hope they’ll eventually recover to some arbitrary, past price. Ironically, you’re less likely to achieve your personal financial goals if you’re driven more by your financial regrets than your willpower.

Taking Charge of Your Financial Behavioural Biases

We’ve now looked at some of the damage done by behavioural biases. Once you know they’re there, you can at least minimize your exposure to them. Better yet, by using what behavioral psychologists call “nudges,” you can even harness your biases as forces for financial good. Following are two examples. Continue Reading…

A Failure to understand Rebalancing

 

 

By Michael J. Wiener

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

Recently, the Stingy Investor pointed to an article whose title caught my eye: The Academic Failure to Understand Rebalancing, written by mathematician and economist Michael Edesess.  He claims that academics get portfolio rebalancing all wrong, and that there’s more money to be made by not rebalancing.  Fortunately, his arguments are clear enough that it’s easy to see where his reasoning goes wrong.

 

Edesess’ argument

Edesess makes his case against portfolio rebalancing based on a simple hypothetical investment: either your money doubles or gets cut in half based on a coin flip.  If you let a dollar ride through 20 iterations of this investment, it could get cut in half as many as 20 times, or it could double as many as 20 times.  If you get exactly 10 heads and 10 tails, the doublings and halvings cancel and you’ll be left with just your original dollar.

The optimum way to use this investment based on the mathematics behind rebalancing and the Kelly criterion is to wager 50 cents and hold back the other 50 cents.  So, after a single coin flip, you’ll either gain 50 cents or lose 25 cents.  After 20 flips of wagering half your money each time, if you get 10 heads and 10 tails, you’ll be left with $3.25.  This is a big improvement over just getting back your original dollar when you bet the whole amount on each flip in this 10 heads and 10 tails scenario.  This is the advantage rebalancing gives you.

However, Edesess digs further.  If you wager everything each flip and get 11 good flips and 9 bad flips, you’ll have $4, and with the reverse outcome you’ll have 25 cents.  Either you gain $3 or lose only 75 cents.  At 12 good flips vs. 12 bad flips, the difference grows further to gaining $15 or losing 94 cents.  We see that the upside is substantially larger than the downside.

Let’s refer to one set of 20 flips starting with one dollar as a “game.”  We could think of playing this game multiple times, each time starting by wagering a single dollar.  Edesess calculates that “if you were to play the game 1,001 times, you would end up with $87,000 with the 100% buy-and-hold strategy,”  “but only $11,000 with the rebalancing strategy.”

The problem with this reasoning

Edesess’ calculations are correct.  If you play this game thousands of times, you’re virtually certain to come out far ahead by letting your money ride instead of risking only half on each flip.  However, this is only true if you start each game with a fresh dollar. Continue Reading…

How cent-sible mothers can give their children financial independence

Image by Unsplash

By Anna Smith

Special to Financial Independence Hub

As a mother, I know the importance of raising my daughter to be independent and confident. One of the most significant ways I can do this is by instilling in her the value of financial literacy. By teaching her to be financially independent, I am setting her up for a future where she can make sound decisions with money and have the freedom to achieve her dreams. I feel every mother should share this responsibility and nurture the financial skills of their children, especially when we consider the uncertainties of the current global economic climate.

Growing up and learning to manage money through lived experiences, I discovered that some of those life lessons can be painful. My immigrant parents were so focused on working hard to provide the basics for the family, financial literacy lessons weren’t really a priority for my sister and me. All we were taught was to save and keep on saving. In fact, my sister and I would sometimes skip lunch at school just to save the allowance our parents gave us. I learned the hard way that while saving is part of being financially literate, it can’t just stop there; a significant next step is to find safe, reliable methods to growing your wealth.

Not knowing better, when I was 18, one of the earliest financial mistakes I made was getting multiple credit cards, which eventually resulted in a lot of debt (because which teenage girl doesn’t like shopping?). I had to work hard to pay it off and it was a tough lesson to learn, but it was valuable because it made me realize the importance of being smart about money from a young age.

After that, I started seeking support to become more financially literate from any source I could get my hands on. The internet was my best friend and I got into the habit of listening to podcasts about investing and best financial practices. When I started working, I was lucky enough to find a trusted mentor who taught me that putting 75 per cent of my paycheque toward smart investments was smarter than spending the money on any big-ticket item immediately.

As I became better with money, I went from only knowing how to save money to growing my wealth through investing in stocks (ETFs) and real estate and having a diverse portfolio. When it comes to investments, I now know it’s important to maintain both passive and aggressive investments. Having said that, choosing between good investments and bad ones can be daunting and that’s where financial advisors come in. Engaging a trusted advisor who is experienced in investing in different asset classes can make all the difference in the world because they often have access to wealth management tools and data that make investment proposals more reliable and easier to understand.

Teaching children about saving and investing — and the mindset behind both

Although I eventually found my financial footing, others are not so lucky and many have never been able to recover once they get into debt, which can be crippling. Now that I have a family of my own, one of my top priorities is to make sure my daughter has a strong foundation in financial literacy, with all the tools she needs to make better decisions when managing money.

One of the things that we’ve started working on together is to get her to save regularly, like I did as a child. But more than teaching my daughter good saving habits, I believe what’s important is to show her the difference between the money-going-out and money-going-in concept. Very often, children are no strangers to the former because they see us making purchases daily and this makes it easy for them to learn spending (or worse, impulse spending). The latter, however, is more difficult to emulate because they rarely witness the act of saving. This is especially true now that we live in a world where most financial transactions are digital. Though this speaks to the convenience of innovation, how do we curb impulse spending in our children beyond merely saying “no” (and parents, I’m sure you’ll agree that saying “no” doesn’t always elicit the best response from children)? Continue Reading…