Tag Archives: sector ETFs

Playing Defense with Sector ETFs

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Here’s how an equally weighted portfolio of healthcare, utility, and consumer staples ETFs could provide better downside protection and reduce volatility.

Image courtesy BMO ETFs/Getty Images

By Erin Allen, Director, Online Distribution, BMO ETFs

(Sponsor Blog)

The U.S. stock market, particularly the S&P 500 index, isn’t as uniform as it might seem. While you may think of it as a homogenous entity, it’s far from reality.

The S&P 500 can be broken down into 11 Global Industry Classification System (GICS) sectors: information technology, health care, financials, consumer discretionary, communication services, industrials, consumer staples, energy, utilities, real estate, and materials.

Each sector groups together companies that operate in the same industry and offer similar products and services. Historically, different sectors have also shown varying levels of sensitivity to market and economic conditions.

Some are cyclical, meaning they typically do well during economic expansions but struggle in downturns. On the other hand, some sectors are considered defensive, as their revenues and earnings remain stable regardless of economic cycles.

One well-known investment strategy that takes advantage of these differences is sector rotation, where investors shift their money between sectors based on macroeconomic indicators like GDP growth, interest rates, and inflation.

Source: SPDR Americas Research. ++/– indicates the best/worst two performing sectors. +/- indicates the third best/worst performing sectors. The Energy sector did not make the top/bottom three sectors during any cycles, as it is less sensitive to U.S. economic cycles but more driven by global supply and demand of crude oil. For illustrative purposes only. 1

However, for risk-conscious investors, another approach involves overweighting defensive sectors — particularly health care, utilities, and consumer staples — to provide better downside protection and reduce portfolio volatility.

What makes a sector defensive?

A sector is considered defensive when its companies provide goods or services that consumers continue to purchase regardless of economic conditions.2

For example, when the economy weakens, a consumer might delay buying a new car or upgrading their phone. These are discretionary purchases: non-essential items that can be postponed until financial conditions improve.

In contrast, even during a recession, people still pay their water and gas bills and continue buying household essentials like groceries and personal care products.

The underlying economic principle at play here is elasticity. In economics, elasticity measures how much the quantity demanded of a product changes in response to price or income changes.

Goods with inelastic demand see little fluctuation in consumption, even when prices rise or consumer income declines. This makes sectors with inelastic demand more stable during market downturns.

  • Utilities: Electricity, water, and gas are necessities that households and businesses must pay for, regardless of economic conditions.
  • Consumer Staples: Essential items like food, personal care products, and household goods remain in demand even when discretionary spending drops.
  • Health Care: Medical services, prescription drugs, and insurance are critical expenses that people prioritize, often regardless of cost.

How defensive are these sectors?

One way to quantify how defensive a sector has historically been is to look at its beta, a measure of volatility relative to the broader market3.

The market itself has a beta of 1.0, meaning any stock or sector with a beta below 1.0 tends to be less volatile and moves less than the overall market during upswings and downturns.

When analyzing long-running sector ETFs, the historical five-year betas confirm that health care, consumer staples, and utilities have lower volatility than the broader market.

The Health Care Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLV) has a beta of 0.644, The Consumer Staples Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLP) comes in even lower at 0.575, and The Utilities Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLU) has a beta of 0.746. This suggests that all three sectors historically experience smaller price swings compared to the S&P 500.

Further supporting this, research from State Street Global Advisors examined periods of steep market drawdowns. Between 1999 and 2022, there were 11 instances where the S&P 500 declined by 10% or more in a single quarter7.

They found that an equally weighted portfolio of health care, consumer staples, and utilities delivered significantly smaller losses than both the S&P 500 and the Russell 1000 Value Index.

 Morningstar direct. Data as of 6/30/227

This demonstrates how overweighting defensive sectors has historically provided better downside protection in times of market stress versus broad market indices.

The ETFs for the job

BMO’s lineup of SPDR Select Sector Index ETFs includes three options that align with the defensive sectors discussed earlier. These ETFs provide targeted exposure to U.S. health care, consumer staples, and utilities, ensuring investors can overweight these segments without exposure to the rest of the S&P 500. Continue Reading…

Using Defensive Sector ETFs for the Canadian retirement portfolio

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By Dale Roberts

Special to Financial Independence Hub

In a recent post we saw that the defensive sectors were twice as effective as a balanced portfolio moving through and beyond the great financial crisis. The financial crisis was the bank-failure-inspired recession and market correction of 2008-2009 and beyond. It was the worst correction since the dot com crash of the early 2000’s. Defensive sectors can play the role of bonds (and work in concert with bonds) to provide greater financial stability. With defensive sector ETFs you might be able to build a superior Canadian retirement portfolio.

First off, here’s the original post on the defensive sectors for retirement.

The key defensive sectors are healthcare, consumer staples and utilities.

And a key chart from that post. The defensive sectors were twice as good as the traditional balanced portfolio. The chart represents a retirement funding scenario.

You can check out the original post for ideas for U.S. dollar defensive sector ETFs.

The following is for Canadian dollar accounts. Keep in mind, this is not advice. Consider this post as ‘ideas for consideration’ and part of the retirement portfolio educational process.

The yield is shown as an annual percentage as of mid March, 2023.

80% Equities / 20% Bonds and Cash

Growth sector ETFs

  • 15% VDY 4.6% Canadian High Dividend
  • 15% VGG 1.8% U.S. Dividend Growth

Canadian defensive sector ETFs

  • 15% ZHU 0.5% U.S Healthcare
  • 10% STPL 2.4% Global Consumer Staples
  • 5.0% XST 0.6% Canadian Consumer Staples
  • 10% ZUT 3.7% Canadian Utilities

Inflation fighters

A volatility play for the US bank sector

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Portfolio Manager explains why US banks have struggled, where opportunities might appear, and how investors can benefit from short-term volatility.

Image from Pixabay: Wendy Soon

By James Learmonth, Senior Portfolio Manager, Harvest ETFs

(Sponsor Content)

The US banking sector is facing uncertainty. In the wake of the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank in March of 2023 — and deposit liquidity issues at other regional banks — the whole US banking sector has suffered some significant stock market setbacks.

In those setbacks, however, investors may see opportunities, especially when we consider the scale and importance of the US banking sector. Of the 30 banks included in the global list of systemically important financial institutions, colloquially referred to as “too big to fail,” eight are based in the United States.

With those titans as ballast, investors may be able to find growth opportunities in US banking, if they understand why the sector is struggling now, where the upside could come from, and find a strategy suited to short-term volatility.

For someone seeking to take advantage of the dislocation we’ve seen in the US banking sector, a diversified approach is absolutely something you may want to look at. Adding a covered call strategy would give the opportunity to monetize the high volatility we’re seeing on the market now. It’s hard to say when the upside might come in US banks given all this uncertainty. But, there’s an argument to be made for someone who wants exposure to these US banks that a covered call strategy could make sense.

Struggles and risks in US banking today

The US banks’ stock market setbacks are due in part to a fear reaction from bank-specific failings at institutions like Silicon Valley Bank, but also reflect some structural headwinds for the sector.

The systemic issue comes down to deposit costs. As market-based interest rates rose sharply in 2022 and into 2023, the rates offered by banks to their depositors remained relatively low. Depositors, especially larger businesses, have begun to demand higher interest rates on their accounts, raising the cost of funding for many banks. Some of those depositors started transitioning some capital into other interest-bearing vehicles, such as money market mutual funds, which offered a higher interest rate as well. The whole banking sector is now facing some challenges to profitability growth due to the rising costs of deposits.

Those deposit costs can be more accurately described as a structural headwind, rather than an existential risk. While deposit costs contributed to the fall of Silicon Valley Bank, it’s notable that a range of company-specific factors played a role: Silicon Valley Bank’s high proportion of business clients, meaning its depositor base was concentrated and held high average account balances. When word spread across social media of venture capitalists sounding alarm bells to their investment companies, withdrawals cascaded. Continue Reading…

Sector ETFs for Defensive Plays

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By Mirza Shakir, Associate Portfolio Manager, BMO ETFs

(Sponsor Content)

What are Sector ETFs?

Sector ETFs allow targeted exposure to sectors or industries like financials, materials, or information technology – domestic, regional, or global. The sectors are usually classified according to the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS), but other classifications can also be used. While sector ETFs could be active funds, most track an index, offering transparency, liquidity, and low fees.

There are eleven broad GICS sectors that can be invested in with sector ETFs.

  • Energy
  • Materials
  • Industrials
  • Consumer Discretionary
  • Utilities
  • Real Estate
  • Communication Services
  • Financials
  • Health Care
  • Consumer Staples
  • Information Technology

There are two common approaches in constructing a sector portfolio: market capitalization weighted and equal weighted. As the names suggest, the former approach weights securities in the portfolio by market capitalization while the latter weights them equally.

At BMO ETFs, our suite of sector ETFs covers equal-weighted and market-weighted strategies across all sectors, locally and globally. We opt for equal-weighted strategies for sectors that have the potential to get concentrated in a few large names with the market-capitalization approach, ensuring effective diversification and mitigating individual company risk.

 

Source: BMO GAM, BMO ETF Roadmap February 2023 (Visit ETF Centre – CA EN INVESTORS (bmogam.com)

Annualized Distribution Yield: The most recent regular distribution, or expected distribution, (excluding additional year end distributions) annualized for frequency, divided by current NAV.

Risk is defined as the uncertainty of return and the potential for capital loss in your investments.

Why Invest in Sector ETFs?

Sector ETFs can offer differentiated return and risk profiles for investors, not only from broad market portfolios but also from other sectors. Additionally, investing in a sector ETF allows access to a broad range of companies that have businesses that operate in similar or related industries, which can be more diversified than investing in a single stock. The investor does not have to place individual bets on single companies, which helps limit company-specific risks.

The table shown at the top of this blog, and shown to the right in miniature, shows the performance of all sectors in the U.S. from 2011 to 2022. Notably, the best and worst performing sectors change every year, leaving an opportunity for market timing to generate high returns. However, timing the markets can be extremely difficult. A more effective strategy can be sector rotation, which involves overweighting or underweighting sectors relative to the stage of the business cycle.

Playing Defense – Sector Rotation Strategies

The business or economic cycle refers to a cycle of expansion and contraction that economies undergo, accompanied by similar upswings and downswings in economic output and employment. Continue Reading…

How DIY investors can invest in strategic or tactical opportunities with Sector ETFs

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By Sa’ad Rana, Senior Associate – ETF Online Distribution, BMO ETFs

(Sponsor Blog)

Sector ETFs provide exposure to a specific industry or market sector and have grown in popularity amongst “Do It Yourself” investors who are looking to add strategic or tactical opportunities to their investment portfolios.

Why ETFs for Sector Exposures?

Sector ETFs have many benefits that ETFs provide in general: diversity, transparency, liquidity, and cost efficiency. Using a sector ETF, investors can tactically add exposure to an entire sector within a single trade. A sector ETF generally holds anywhere from 10 to over 100 different securities providing instant diversification, which minimizes single-stock risk and maximizes exposure to the entire sector. This diversification also helps to lower overall portfolio volatility.

Sector ETFs in Canada

Canada has over 1100 ETFs and 150 of these are categorized as sector ETFs. BMO ETFs has 20 different sector ETFs and was one of the first to list sector ETFs on the TSX in 2009.

 

The Canadian market is very concentrated in several different sectors: Financials, Energy, Industrials and Materials. For investors using a broad-market Canadian ETF they may be underexposed to other areas of the market. For example, the Health Care and Info Tech sectors in Canada are extremely small relative to the global economy.  Therefore, Canadian investors may consider U.S. and global sectors for a more diversified portfolio. This completion trade makes sector ETFs in Canada very popular. Continue Reading…