Decumulate & Downsize

Most of your investing life you and your adviser (if you have one) are focused on wealth accumulation. But, we tend to forget, eventually the whole idea of this long process of delayed gratification is to actually spend this money! That’s decumulation as opposed to wealth accumulation. This stage may also involve downsizing from larger homes to smaller ones or condos, moving to the country or otherwise simplifying your life and jettisoning possessions that may tie you down.

5 factors for millennials considering their retirement

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By David Kitai, Harvest ETFs

(Sponsor Content)

Millennials — the generation born between 1981 and 1997 — are beginning to enter their 40s. With the passing of that milestone comes a new consideration: retirement.

Canadians are living longer and longer, retirement at or around age 65 may need to last 30+ years. Millennials in their 30s and early 40s are ideally placed to plan for their eventual retirement. In those typically peak working years, millennials can take major strides towards a stable financial future and the achievement of their retirement goals. Preparing for retirement, though, is more than just putting a magic number away in a bank account. There are myriad factors a millennial should consider as they begin to plan for retirement. Below are five of those factors.

 1.) Understanding RRSPs and RRIFs

Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) accounts are a key tool Canadians can use to save for retirement. Their mechanism is simple: contributions to these accounts within the annual limit are tax-deductible. Income earned by investments held in the RRSP is also tax exempt, provided that income stays in the account. RRSPs give you an annual tax incentive to save for your retirement.

When RRSP holders turn 71, however, those RRSPs turn into Registered Retirement Income Funds (RRIFs). These accounts are subject to a government-mandated minimum withdrawal, on which some of the deferred tax from these contributions is paid. You can learn more about the problems with RRIF withdrawals, and how to navigate them here.

Millennials considering their retirement should look at how RRSPs can give them a tax benefit for saving now, while also planning for how the eventual transition to RRIFs will change their financial realities.

 2.) How the Canada Pension Plan factors into retirement

Canadians between the ages of 60 and 70 who worked in Canada and contributed to the Canada Pension Plan (CPP) can elect to activate their CPP benefits. Those benefits will be paid as monthly income based on how much you earned and contributed during your working years, as well as the age you chose to begin receiving benefits.

The longer you wait before turning 70, the higher your CPP benefits will be, though that appreciation doesn’t go beyond age 70. Millennials planning for retirement at any age could consider how they’ll finance their lifestyles while maximizing their CPP benefits at age 70. It’s notable that even the highest levels of CPP benefits pay less than $2,000 per month in 2022. That won’t be enough for many Canadians to live on, and millennials considering retirement may want to think about other sources of income.

3.) Equity Income ETFs

One of the issues that retirees have struggled with over the past decade has been the extremely low yields of traditional fixed income products like bonds. In 2022 those rates rose somewhat, but only following record inflation eating away at the ‘real yields’ of an income investment.

Many equity income ETFs pay annualized yields higher than most fixed income and higher than the rate of inflation. These ETFs hold portfolios of equities — stocks — but pay distributions generated through a combination of dividends and other strategies. Harvest equity income ETFs use an active and flexible covered call option writing strategy to help generate their monthly cash distributions.

These ETFs still participate in some of the market growth opportunity a portfolio of stocks would, while also delivering consistent monthly cash flow for unitholders. The income they pay can help retirees finance their lifestyle goals and help millennials as they prepare themselves to retire.

4.) Tax efficiency of retirement income

Tax is a crucial consideration for any younger person thinking about retirement. Aside from the tax issues surrounding RRSPs and RRIFs, any income-paying investments held in non-registered accounts, or any income withdrawn from a registered account, will be subject to tax. Dividend payments and interest payments from fixed-income investments are taxed as income. Continue Reading…

Beware the Retirement Risk Zone

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I often recommend deferring CPP until age 70 to secure more lifetime income in retirement. It’s also possible to defer OAS to age 70 for a smaller, but still meaningful, increase in guaranteed income.

While the goal is to design a more secure retirement, there can be a psychological hurdle for retirees to overcome. That hurdle has to do with withdrawing (often significant) dollars from existing savings to fill the income gap while you wait for your government benefits to kick in.

Indeed, the idea is still to meet your desired spending needs in retirement – a key objective, especially to new retirees.

This leads to what I call the retirement risk zone: The period of time between retirement and the uptake of delayed government benefits. Sometimes there’s even a delay between retirement and the uptake of a defined benefit pension.

Retirement Risk Zone

The challenge for retirees is that even though a retirement plan that has them drawing heavily from existing RRSPs, non-registered savings, and potentially even their TFSAs, works out nicely on paper, it can be extremely difficult to start spending down their assets.

That makes sense, because one of the biggest fears that retirees face is the prospect of outliving their savings. And, even though delaying CPP and OAS helps mitigate that concern, spending down actual dollars in the bank still seems counterintuitive.

Consider an example of a recently divorced woman I’ll call Leslie, who earns a good salary of $120,000 per year and spends modestly at about $62,000 per year after taxes (including her mortgage payments). She wants to retire in nine years, at age 55.

Leslie left a 20-year career in the public sector to work for a financial services company. She chose to stay in her defined benefit pension plan, which will pay her $24,000 per year starting at age 65. The new job has a defined contribution plan to which she contributes 2.5% of her salary and her employer matches that amount.

Leslie then maxes out her personal RRSP and her TFSA. She owns her home and pays an extra $5,000 per month towards her mortgage with the goal of paying it off three years after she retires.

Because of her impressive ability to save, Leslie will be able to reach her goal of retiring at 55. But she’ll then enter the “retirement risk zone” from age 55 to 65, while she waits for her defined benefit pension to kick in, and still be in that zone from 65 to 70 while she waits to apply for her CPP and OAS benefits.

The result is a rapid reduction in her assets and net worth from age 55 to 70:

Retirement risk zone example 55-70

Leslie starts drawing immediately from her RRSP at age 56, at a rate of about 7.5% of the balance. She turns the defined contribution plan into a LIRA and then a LIF, and starts drawing the required minimum amount. Finally, she tops up her spending from the non-registered savings that she built up in her final working years.

When the non-registered savings have been exhausted at age 60, Leslie turns to her TFSA to replace that income. She’ll take that balance down from $216,000 to about $70,000 by age 70. Continue Reading…

4 ways Life Insurance can fund Retirement

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Image by unsplash: James Hose jr

By Lucas Siegel

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

The infamous retirement crisis that’s been talked about for years just became real, with inflation and interest rates reaching record highs in the past few months. Consumer prices skyrocketed by 9.1% as of June 2022, the largest increase we’ve seen in 40 years. Couple that with a growing senior population living off a fixed income, many of which retired early during the pandemic, and you have yourself a massive problem.

Most senior Americans are unaware that their life insurance policy could be one of their most valuable liquid assets. Contrary to popular belief, life insurance isn’t just a way to care for loved ones after you die through the death benefit. In fact, permanent life insurance policies can also be used to access funds for retirement planning and healthcare when you need it most. Life settlements are legal throughout the US and regulated in all except six states, as well as the provinces of Quebec and Saskatchewan in Canada.

Regardless of age or financial standing, understanding the true value of your assets is essential to living out the retirement you deserve. Check out the following four ways you can use your life insurance policy to help fund retirement:

1.)   Sell your life insurance policy through a life settlement

For millions of Americans who own a life insurance policy, selling it through a life settlement can be a great way to access cash when it’s most needed. A life settlement involves selling a life insurance policy for lump-sum cash payment that is more than the cash surrender value, but less than the death benefit. Despite decades of industry innovation and growth, some 200 billion dollars[US$] in life insurance is lapsed each year that could have been sold as a life settlement.

While the life settlement process once took two to four months, AI technology has expedited the process, making it easier than ever the get a life settlement valuation. Policyholders can now use a free life settlement calculator to instantly see how much their policy is worth based on a few simple questions. Just as you track the value of your house on Zillow or your car on Autotrader, understanding the value of your life insurance policy is critical to make the best financial decisions for you and your family.

2.)   Obtain the cash value from a permanent policy

When you pay your premium on a permanent life policy, only a portion goes toward covering the cost of your life insurance. The remainder of these payments goes into an investment account where cash value can grow on a tax-deferred basis. As you age, you’ll also eventually be able to tap into the interest earnings from this investment account to help keep your policy active, thus bringing down your out of pocket premium payments. Essentially, the money in this account can be treated as emergency savings with tax advantages.

3.)   Borrow from your policy through a loan

Americans with whole life insurance that have accrued enough cash value to cover the debt can also use their policy as collateral through a whole life loan program. One major benefit is the interest rate will be much lower than what you’d see with credit card debt or an unsecured personal loan. This allows the policyholder to get a one-time, tax-free distribution that can be paid off with interest in life, or be withdrawn from your life insurance policy’s death benefit. Retirees might be able to go through their insurance carrier if whole life loans are offered, or utilize a third-party whole life loan program instead. Continue Reading…

The “mostly stocks” Retirement Portfolio

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By Dale Roberts, cutthecrapinvesting

Special to the Financial Independence Hub

It was a long time in the making, but I recently finished and posted the stock portfolio for retirees, on Seeking Alpha. It uses an all-weather portfolio approach but only puts stocks to work. Stocks are arranged by sector to perform in certain economic environments. Stocks and REITs will have to step up to do the work of bonds, gold, cash and commodities. We’re building the retirement stock portfolio on the Sunday Reads.

Here’s the post – Stocks for the retirement portfolio. That is a U.S. version. I will also post the Canadian stock portfolio (ideas for consideration)  on Cut The Crap Investing.

Defense wins ball games

The key is a core defensive stance: for market corrections, recessions and deflation. For those who are not able to access Seeking Alpha, here’s the portfolio.

As always, this is not advice. This is an idea and strategy for consideration.

Defensives @ 60%

Utilities – 10%

NextEra Energy, Duke Energy Corp, The Southern Co, Dominion Energy, Alliant Energy, Oneok, WEC Energy.

Pipelines – 10%

Enbridge, TC Energy, Enterprise Partners, Energy Transfer, Oneok.

Telecom – 10%

AT&T, Verizon, Comcast, T-Mobile, Bell Canada, Telus.

Telco REITs – American Tower, Crown Castle.

Consumer Staples – 10%

Colgate-Palmolive, Procter & Gamble, Walmart, Pepsi, Kraft Heinz, Tyson Foods, Kellogg, Kroger, Hormel Foods, Albertsons Companies.

Healthcare – 10%

Johnson & Johnson, Abbott Labs, Medtronic, Stryker, CVS Health, McKesson Corporation, United Health, Merck, Becton Dickinson, Cigna Corp.

Canadian banks – 10%

RBC, TD Bank, Scotiabank, Bank of Montreal.

Growth assets – 20%

Consumer discretionary, retailers, technology, healthcare, financials, industrials and energy stocks.

Apple, Microsoft, Qualcomm, Texas Instruments, Nike, BlackRock, Alphabet, Lowe’s, Amazon, TJX Companies, McDonald’s, Tesla, Visa, Mastercard, Raytheon, Waste Management, Berkshire Hathaway, Broadcom.

Inflation protection – 20%

REITs 10%

Agree Realty Corporation, Realty Income, Essential Properties, Regency Centres Corporation, Stag Industrial, Medical Properties Trust, Store Capital Corporation, Global Self Storage and EPR Properties.

Oil and gas / commodities stocks 10%

Canadian Natural Resources, Imperial Oil, ConocoPhillips, Exxon Mobil, Chevron, EOG Resources, Occidental Petroleum, Devon Energy.

Agricultural

Nutrien, The Mosaic Company.

Precious and other metals

Tech Resources, BHP Group, Rio Tinto

All said, I am still a fan of some cash and commodities and bonds. This was offered in the post …

The hybrid approach might then include:

  • 5% cash
  • 5% bonds
  • 5% commodities
  • 85% retirement stocks

More Sunday Reads Continue Reading…

Moshe Milevsky and Guardian Capital unveil a Modern Tontine in new Retirement solution

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Moshe Milevsky

A revolutionary new approach to preserving portfolio longevity through a modern “Tontine” structure was unveiled Wednesday by Guardian Capital LP and famed author and finance professor Moshe Milevsky.

GuardPath™ Longevity Solutions, created in partnership between Guardian and Schulich School of Business finance professor Milevsky, is designed to address what Nobel Laureate Economist William Sharpe has described as the “nastiest, hardest problem in finance” 1

Announced in Toronto on September 7, a press release declares that the “ground-breaking step” aims to “solve the misalignment between human and portfolio longevity.” See also this story in Wednesday’s Globe & Mail.

Over the years, I have often interviewed Dr. Milevsky about Retirement, Longevity, Annuities and his unique take on how the ancient “Tontine” structure can help long-lived investors in their quest not to outlive their money. Milevsky has written 17 books, including his most recent one on this exact topic: How to Build a Modern Tontine. [See cover photo below.]

Back in 2015, I wrote two MoneySense Retired Money columns on tontines and Milevsky’s hopes that they would one day be incorporated by the financial industry. Part one is here and part two here. See also my 2021 column on another pioneering Canadian initiative in longevity insurance: Purpose Investment Inc.’s Longevity Pension Fund.

Addressing the biggest risks faced by Retirees

In the release, Milevsky describes the new offering as a “made-in-Canada” solution that addresses “the biggest risks facing retirees and are among the first of their kind globally. Based on hundreds of years of research and improvement and backed by Guardian Capital’s 60-year reputation for doing what’s right for Canadian investors, I am confident these solutions will revolutionize the retirement space.”

Milevsky’s latest book is on Modern Tontines

In an email to me Milevsky said: “You and I have talked (many times) about tontines as a possible solution for retirement income decumulation versus annuities. Until now it’s all been academic theory and published books, but I finally managed to convince a (Canadian) company to get behind the idea.”

In the news release, Guardian Capital Managing Director and Head of Canadian Retail Asset Management Barry Gordon said that “for too many years, Canadian retirees have feared outliving the nest egg they have worked so hard to create.” It has answered that concern by creating three solutions that aim to alleviate retirees’ greatest financial fears: The three solutions are described at the bottom of this blog.

With the number of persons aged 85 and older having doubled since 2001, and projections suggesting this number could triple by 2046,2 Guardian Capital says it “set out to create innovative solutions that this demographic could utilize when seeking a greater sense of financial security.”

Tontines leap from Pop Culture to 21st Century reality

Tontines were one of the most popular financial products for hundreds of years for individuals willing to trade off legacy for more income, Guardian says. Once in a  while the tontine shows up in popular culture, notably in the film The Wrong Box, where the plot revolves around a group of people hoping to be the last survivor in a tontine and therefore the recipient of a large payout.

“With our modern tontine, investors concerned about outliving their nest egg pool their assets and are entitled to their share of the pool as it winds up 20 years from now,” Gordon says, “Over that 20-year period, we seek to grow the invested capital as much as possible to maximize the longevity payout. Along the way, investors that redeem early or pass away leave a portion of their assets in the pool to the benefit of surviving unitholders, boosting the rate of return. All surviving unitholders in 20 years will participate in any growth in the tontine’s assets, generated from compound growth and the pooling of survivorship credits. This payout can be used to fund their later years of life as they see fit, and aims to ensure that investors don’t outlive their investment portfolio.” Continue Reading…